The goal is to provide the Humboldt County Association of Governments (HCAOG) and the Humboldt Transit Authority with a review of all current transportation services, and to investigate the potential for new service in the town of McKinleyville.. .

The purpose of this study is to provide the Small Urban, Rural and Tribal Center on Mobility with additional information and greater understanding of transportation planning and travel behavior in the areas served by the Billings-Yellowstone County Metropolitan Planning Organization and the Missoula Area Metropolitan Planning Organization.. .

The purpose of this project is to provide technical assistance to the Buckeye Hills Regional Council with organizing mobility, economic resilience, and substance use disorder workshops. In addition, the project will support the initiation of a mobility management program..

The purpose of this project is to make information available to stakeholders (USFWS, Border Patrol, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers) on the ecological effects of new and upgraded roads in and around Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife Refuge (CPNWR) and how these effects can be avoided, mitigated, or compensated.

The objective of this project is to perform an assessment of the various alternative business models and to recommend to Montana MDT the most appropriate business model(s) to pursue in the planning and development of a Statewide Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Real-Time Network (RTN) system.. .

The objective of this project is to perform an assessment of the various alternative business models and to recommend to Montana MDT the most appropriate business model(s) to pursue in the planning and development of a Statewide Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Real-Time Network (RTN) system.. .

The purpose of this project is to examine opportunities for expanding the availability of transit within Graham County (AZ) and between Graham County and neighboring areas.. .

The purpose of this project is to explore strategies to enhance mobility access in rural, southeastern Utah.. .

The purpose of this project is to provide technical assistance to rural communities for transportation projects that are expected to generate economic outcomes.. .

Rural transportation systems offer critical connectivity to residents, visitors, and businesses needing to access destinations. However, rural transportation offers particular challenges, as well. Distances between origin and destination are often long, making it more difficult, time-consuming, and expensive to reach jobs, education, health care, social activities, and other quality of life services and activities.

WTI is leading a research program with the National Association of Development Organizations that will benefit communities around the nation by providing critical information and technical assistance to develop transportation projects that are expected to generate economic outcomes

The goal of this project is to develop materials that will help winter maintenance practitioners to make informed decisions on the use of road salts, specifically sodium chloride (aka rock salt, solar salt, salt brine, etc.), at varying temperatures and concentration. .

The purpose of this project is to make information available to stakeholders (practitioners, researchers, and managers) on the factors that contribute to the successful implementation of measures taken to avoid, mitigate or compensate for the effects of roads and traffic on the Mojave desert tortoise.. .

The purpose of this project is to provide the Small Urban, Rural and Tribal Center on Mobility with additional information and greater understanding of the feasibility of last mile package delivery for commercial entities via public transportation in rural areas.. .

The purpose of this project is to support FHWA activities related to Traffic Incident Management (TIM), with a focus on identifying and promoting elements of TIM that are most effective in rural environments.. .

The objective of this research is to use wildlife monitoring data from crossing structures in Banff National Park to better understand the impacts of crossing structures on wildlife at the community level.. .

The objectives of this project are to investigate the effectiveness of relatively low-cost electrified barriers that are aimed at keeping carnivore species, especially black bear and grizzly bear, out of fenced road corridors at access roads with very low traffic volume and very low traffic speed, and to investigate the effectiveness of modifications of jump-outs aimed at allowing white-tailed deer and mule deer to escape the fenced road corridor more readily, while continuing to discourage deer from jumping up into the fenced road corridor.
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This research seeks to document the importance of K-12 school format (e.g. online, hybrid, in-person, “pandemic pod”) on women in STEM who have K-12 children.  This will be accomplished by conducting three separate surveys of input from women in STEM with children.  The first will take place in the fall of 2020, during which survey respondents will be asked if they are willing to provide contact information for two additional follow-up surveys.  The results are intended to provide input regarding how policies in the future can better support these important contributions, but potentially, for more immediate solutions to be realized.  This is different than many of the other on-going research initiatives that tend to focus on work-life balance and tenure (Rincon & Nguyen, 2020).

The purpose of this project is to provide marketing, communications, and outreach support to FHWA for its safety culture activities.. .

The objectives of this project are to:

Identify the amount and location of existing suitable monarch butterfly, as well as other butterfly and bee pollinator habitats that currently exist in ITD ROWs in the project area.
Determine whether the hotspots on ITD interstate, primary and secondary ROWs correspond with locations of high quality habitat in adjacent lands.
Identify the amount and location of existing ITD ROWs in the study area that could be easily restored to provide habitat for monarch butterfly and other native butterfly and bee pollinator species.
Incorporate information regarding lands adjacent to, or within ITD’s ROWs where sightings of monarch butterfly adults, caterpillars or eggs have been documented.
Develop recommendations for the conservation and management of ITD roadsides with a focus on how ROWs can be restored or augmented so that they complement and connect natural areas to maximize their potential to conserve, restore and manage monarch butterflies, as well as other butterfly and bee pollinators and their habitats.
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The overarching objective is to conduct friction testing that will improve the understanding of the relationship between weather conditions and road friction.

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Three case studies per state (Florida, Kentucky, Minnesota, New Mexico, and Vermont), for a total of 15 case studies for the project, will be developed for communities with 10,000 or fewer people to demonstrate notable examples of implementation of bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure.. .

Three case studies per state (Florida, Kentucky, Minnesota, New Mexico, and Vermont), for a total of 15 case studies for the project, will be developed for communities with 10,000 or fewer people to demonstrate notable examples of implementation of bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure.. .

Three case studies per state (Florida, Kentucky, Minnesota, New Mexico, and Vermont), for a total of 15 case studies for the project, will be developed for communities with 10,000 or fewer people to demonstrate notable examples of implementation of bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure.. .

Three case studies per state (Florida, Kentucky, Minnesota, New Mexico, and Vermont), for a total of 15 case studies for the project, will be developed for communities with 10,000 or fewer people to demonstrate notable examples of implementation of bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure.. .

The purpose of this project is to provide “on-call” technical expertise to the USFWS on wildlife conservation issues related to transportation.. .

The goal is to provide the Humboldt County Association of Governments (HCAOG) and the Humboldt Transit Authority with a review of all current transportation services, and to investigate the potential for new service in the town of McKinleyville.. .

This project aims to examine the effectiveness of new non-MUTCD delineation devices using fluorescent orange delineators in temporary traffic control work zones.. .

The purpose of this document is to provide the Small Urban, Rural and Tribal Center on Mobility with additional information and greater understanding of travel behavior in the greater Burlington region of Chittenden County, Vermont.. .

The objective of this project is to develop a behavioral traffic safety countermeasure toolkit for highway safety partners involved with rural road safety (e.g., tribal authorities, local government, law enforcement, emergency responders, engineers) to reduce the frequency and severity of motor vehicle crashes on roads in rural areas.. .

The objective of this project is to investigate measures and barrier designs that are more likely to keep large wildlife species out of the fence road corridor at access roads and fence-ends.. .

The objective of this project is to create a working group of experts to serve to advance the state of the practice of weather severity indices (WSI).. .

The objective of this project is to conduct field experiments to investigate the effectiveness of barrier designs that are more likely to keep wildlife species with paws out of the fence road corridor at access roads and fence-ends.. .

This project will develop total value estimates for wildlife in a collision mitigation context. Total values include not only direct use such as hunting and viewing but also passive use values (biological conservation values)..

The purpose of this project is to build upon previous efforts between WTI, Montana State University, and the City of Bozeman to promote transportation demand management and reduce single-occupancy vehicle use in the greater Bozeman area.. .

The objective of this project is to determine whether highway mitigation efforts on the Trans-Canada Highway (in the Bow River Valley) have reduced the occurrence of Wildlife Vehicle Collisions and to quantify the cost-benefits of of the measures in place.. .

The overall objectives of this research project are to identify cost sensitive and environmentally friendly FRP materials and use them in the design of the continent’s first FRP wildlife crossing.. .

The objective of this project is to describe the patterns and processes that result in highway accidents involving elk, in order to provide transportation planners with the design of effective mitigation strategies in areas where elk is a dominant species.. .

The objective of this project is to provide administrative and technical assistance to the Western States Rural Transportation Consortium (WSRTC).. .

The goal is to provide the Idaho Department of Transportation (IDT) with a review of the current demand-response transit system (TransIV) in Twin Falls, and to investigate service and management/administration scenarios as the Twin Falls area anticipates growth and designation as a small urban area.. .

This project aims to develop a network screening methodology for low-volume roads in Montana.  Such a methodology is critical for the effective safety management on local low-volume roads including those owned and operated by counties, townships, and tribal governments.. .

This project will have an educational and professional capacity building focus and its primary goal is to have leading subject matter experts provide a hands-on learning experience in communications for rural ITS engineers and technicians.
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The overall objective of the research is to develop deterioration curves for bridge elements in Montana. .

The objective of this project was to evaluate the impact of the $0.02 per gallon Local Motor Fuel Excise Tax for counties throughout Montana.. .

The objectives of this project are to: 1.) Identify and secure available safety content and purchase and deploy the appropriate equipment to display safety content; 2.) Survey the public to determine if they are paying attention to the videos shown at the MVD driver license stations and the County Treasurer offices; and 3.) Determine if the safety messages have an impact on the behavior of the viewing public.. .

The objective of this project is to produce a concise, comprehensive guide of innovative but practical ways for DOTs/ DPWs to recruit and retain a highly proficient, productive, versatile and committed roadway maintenance workforce.. .

The objective of this project is to conduct technology transfer activities and incubator projects to demonstrate ITS technologies for the Rural California/Oregon Advanced Transportation Systems (COATS) project.. .

The primary objective of this study was to provide renewed attention to the impact of commercial truck use through downtown Bozeman, Montana along Main Street.. .

The objectives of this project are to: 1.) Identify and secure available safety content and purchase and deploy the appropriate equipment to display safety content; 2.) Survey the public to determine if they are paying attention to the videos shown at the MVD driver license stations and the County Treasurer offices; and 3.) Determine if the safety messages have an impact on the behavior of the viewing public.. .

This multi-phase project seeks to facilitate the standardization of wildlife-vehicle collision (WVC) data so the National Park Service (NPS), Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and their stakeholders are able to collect, store, share, and retrieve data as it is needed for their organization. This phase seeks to continue development of a WVC Data Collection System..

The objective of this project is to assist Colorado DOT in identifying regionally sourced agricultural co- or by-products that can be used as additives to deicers to enhance corrosion protection, providing added deicing performance and longevity on the road surface. This will be achieved through literature search and laboratory evaluation..

The objective of this project is to explore the relationship between socio-economics, infrastructure, and travel behavior to better understand the travel needs of rural communities, the cost of current unmet needs, and potential applications of emerging modes and technologies to improve rural mobility and safety.. .

The objective of this project is to provide technical assistance to rural communities for transportation projects.. .

The purpose of the research program is to characterize fish swimming performance and behavior, to enhance the design and operation of fish passages, and to develop new methods that improve landscape connectivity for fish and other aquatic organisms.. .

The purpose of this project is to conduct a cost-benefit analysis of an animal detection system (ADS) for the Montana Department of Transportation (MDT).. .

The objective of this project is to provide technical assistance to rural communities for transportation projects.. .

The research will identify cost-sensitive and environmentally friendly fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) materials and systems suitable for bridge superstructure elements that can be used for both wildlife and bike/ped crossings.  The project will seek to develop a system whereby the foundation and the FRP superstructure is interchangeable with different treatments of decking that specifically addresses the needs of wildlife, bicyclists and/or pedestrians.

This research will reduce the impact of wildlife collisions in rural areas and improve motorist safety through the use of innovative FRP materials for the superstructure of the bridge. The modularity of FRP bridges will also make safer travel for bicyclists and pedestrians..

The objective of this project is to identify agencies using SSI/WSI, determine the variables and measurement methods used to create the indices, and recommend variables to use and calculation methods.. .

The objective of this project is to develop a better understanding of belief systems that predict intention to drive after using cannabis.. .

Test only for zip folders. .

The objective of this project is to provide technical assistance to the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), their State Departments of Transportation stakeholders, and other public agency partners to implement Weather Responsive Management Strategies (WRMS).. .

The objective of this project is to assist CDOT in assessing the feasibility of using friction as a performance management tool in winter maintenance operations. If using friction as a performance management tool is determined to be feasible, an implementation plan will be developed, as well as a training tool for winter maintenance practitioners..

The objective of this project is to continue development of a wildlife-vehicle collision (WVC) data collection system for federal land management agencies.. .

The objective of this project is to develop a methodology for identifying and prioritizing hazardous locations on local roads at the network level that are deserving of safety improvement funds.. .

The objective of this project is to identify cost-effective solutions to reduce wildlife vehicle collisions, for implementation by state departments of transportation.. .

The objective of this research is collect and synthesize information on valuation methods, metrics, criteria for credit development, and crediting mechanisms used by state DOTs and their partners for calculating and applying mitigation and advance mitigation credits for wildlife connectivity improvements.. .

The objective of this project is to conduct a safety assessment and to propose improvements to address safety concerns, access, pedestrian and vehicular safety, at various intersections along the southern section of the George Washington Memorial Parkway in Virginia and the District of Columbia.. .

The objectives of the research are to identify critical rural transportation issues that can be addressed by research through NCHRP and other research programs; produce a Research Roadmap; and submit at least five Problem Statements drawn from the Research Roadmap that are appropriate for consideration for NCHRP funding in the future.. .

The purpose of this project is to create and disseminate training materials on traffic safety culture for transportation, public health, and emergency response staff.. .

The objective of this project is to further validate/improve the design and analysis methodologies for concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) to concrete pile cap connections , and to ensure the efficacy of these methodologies for a wide variety of potential design configurations.. .

The purpose of this project is to develop a guide that can serve as a comprehensive information source on effective practices for converting severely distressed paved roads to acceptable unpaved surfaces.. .

The objective of this research is to measure the economic impact of rural transit services in Minnesota.. .

The objective of this project is to administer safety culture training to the North Dakota Department of Transportation, as part of cohort study on organizational culture.. .

The objective of this project is to conduct a feasibility study on a pilot paratransit system operated by driverless, electric vans that connect rural towns.. .

The purpose of this project was to explore the use of Internet of Things (IoT) Technology to infer transit ridership and waiting time at bus stops.  Specifically, this study explored the use of Raspberry Pi computers, which are small and inexpensive sets of hardware, to scan the Wi-Fi networks of passengers’ smartphones.. .

The two objectives of this research are to: 1. Gather and summarize existing information on road passage structures and exclusion barrier systems,
including specifications, monitoring techniques, lessons learned, and synthesize the information to identify knowledge gaps for small terrestrial mammals, reptiles, and amphibians; and 2. Develop a navigable report linked to a central repository of case studies, including plan sheets and other supporting documents for user friendly access by state DOTs.

The objectives of this research are to evaluate the potential for alkali-silica reactivity (ASR) in the state of Montana, and to develop a testing protocol for identifying potential reactive aggregates.. .

The objective of this project is to further characterize the non-proprietary UHPC mixes developed in the Phase I research, and ensure its successful application in field-cast joints. This objective will be achieved by (1) investigating the potential variability in concrete performance related to differences in constituent materials, (2) investigating issues related to the field batching/mixing of the these UHPC mixes, and (3) testing rebar bond strength and studying how this will affect requisite development lengths..

The objective of this project is to develop a severe weather index for the Maryland Department of Transportation (DOT).. .

The objective of this project is to conduct full-scale indoor testing of reinforced pavement test sections using a traffic simulator to provide performance data and to evaluate a spreadsheet-based design tool that can be used to augment current design procedures.. .

The objective of this program is to provide fellowships to outstanding graduates in a transportation-related field to spend eleven months total working directly with staff of Federal Land Management Agencies on key visitor transportation issues.. .

The objective of this project is to provide additional research support for a research partnership investigating innovative wildlife crossing structures.. .

The purpose of this project is to conduct wildlife monitoring of underpasses along Interstate 25 in Wyoming to assess usage by large mammals, especially deer and pronghorn antelope.. .

The objective of this project is to assist the Southwest Colorado Council of Governments with the development of fixed route system between Cortez and Durango.. .

The objective of this project is to pilot a traveler cheque system intended to provide more mobility opportunities to veterans, persons with disabilities, and older persons.. .

WTI will provide technical assistance to three rural communities and regions to identify and evaluate options for expanding transportation options, through a new partnership with the National Association of Development Organizations (NADO)’s Research Foundation and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). USDA sponsors technical assistance grants to rural communities and regions for transportation development, and NADO’s Research Foundation, working in conjunction with WTI, was selected to receive three grants

The  objective of this research is to identify the characteristics that enable communities with less than 10,000 people to build pedestrian and/or bicycle infrastructure.. .

The objective of this project is to provide a six-week summer interdisciplinary research program for secondary school and community college STEM teachers and faculty.. .

The  objective of this research is to identify the characteristics that enable communities with less than 10,000 people to build pedestrian and/or bicycle infrastructure.. .

The objective of this project is to explore transportation issues that affect manufacturing in small urban, rural and tribal areas.. .

The objective of this work is to increase external stakeholder awareness and use of effective Wildlife Vehicle Collision (WVC) countermeasures.. .

The objective of the Summer Transportation Institute (STI) is to increase pre-college student interest in transportation careers.
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The objective of this project is to conduct a statewide hotspot analysis of wildlife-vehicle collisions in the state of California.. .

The objective of this project is to determine the feasibility of using the existing road weather information system (RWIS) data in conjunction with a variable speed limit (VSL) system to influence motorist behavior with the goal of reducing crashes on Interstate 40 in New Mexico.. .

The objective of this research project is to assess if the use of chloride-based snow and ice control products have an impact on potential carbon sequestration rates in the near road environment.. .

The objective of this project is to extend an existing research effort to determine if changing three different management practices of roadside vegetation and soils can increase existing levels of carbon capture and storage.. .

The objective of this project is to design and implement a survey in Bozeman, MT and Fargo, ND to characterize the traffic safety culture of groups defined by a preferred mode of transportation.. .

The objective of this project is to conduct research to help safety leaders better understand the beliefs and attitudes of law enforcement agencies about traffic safety.. .

The objective of this project is to provide administrative and technical assistance to the Western States Rural Transportation Consortium (WSRTC).. .

The objective of this project is to explore the components of ridesharing business models and how they relate to rural applications.. .

The objective of this project is to assist the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) with ongoing development of Aviation WeatherShare, a weather information and forecasting website.. .

The objective of this project is to conduct technology transfer activities and incubator projects to demonstrate ITS technologies for the Rural California/Oregon Advanced Transportation Systems (COATS) project.. .

The purpose of this project is to conduct a survey regarding support for commuting alternatives to the single occupancy vehicle (SOV).. .

The objective of this project is to update the inventory of available parking in downtown Bozeman, Montana.. .

The objective of this project is to study the safety and training culture within local and tribal transportation agencies.. .

The objective of this project is to design and test retrofits to traditional Denil fishways that will optimize the passage of Arctic grayling while minimizing water flow.. .

The purpose of this project is to continue WTI’s work with the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) to determine the detailed content of prospective courses for Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) engineers at Caltrans, identify suitable contractors to deliver the courses, and evaluate the courses.. .

The objective of this project is to investigate road friction after deicing during winter storms.. .

The objective of this project is to provide transportation planners with information about whether reducing nighttime speed limits is an effective means of reducing vehicle collisions with wildlife, which is a mitigation measure under consideration in some western states.. .

The objective of the Small Urban, Rural and Tribal Center on Mobility is to conduct research and provide leadership, education, workforce development and technology transfer in all transportation-related aspects of mobility for people and goods, focusing specifically on small urban, rural and tribal areas.. .

The objective of this project is to assist the South Dakota Department of Transportation (SDDOT)in updating its process for selecting and managing crack sealant products.. .

The goal of this project is to identify alternative deicers to chlorides for snow and ice control operations.. .

The goal of this project is to assess the feasibility of last mile package delivery as a revenue generation tool for rural public transportation systems in Wyoming, which will include exploring
the impact of technologies and innovative last mile package delivery systems, and how rural public transportation systems may have a role in the process.. .

The objective of this project is to launch pilot career pathway demonstration programs focused on transportation career pathways in road and highway safety professions.. .

The objectives of this project are to conduct a survey of wolverine occurrence in the Canadian Crown of the Continent (CCoC) using noninvasive methods; develop occupancy models of wolverine distribution to identify core habitats, dispersal corridors, and highway mitigation; and estimate wolverine density in Canadian Rocky and Columbia Mountains.. .

The goal of this project is to determine and document the residual salt concentration on pavement after initial application of salt and salt brine during snow and ice control operations, and then recommend modified application rates for salt and salt brine for various temperatures based on the residual salt concentration on the pavement.. .

The primary goal of this project is to conduct advanced BACI (Before-After-Control-Impact) analyses for the crash and carcass data collected from wildlife fencing and wildlife crossing structure research on U.S. 93..

The goal of this project is to identify alternative deicers to chlorides for snow and ice control operations, with a specific focus on potassium acetate and succinate.. .

The objective of this project is to develop a master plan that identifies needs, sets priorities, and estimates costs for wildlife mitigation measures along selected highways and roads in Teton County, Wyoming.. .

The objective of this project is to explore the feasibility of a standardized test battery for roadside use for detecting marijuana impairment in drivers.. .

The objective of this project is to understand how culture impacts traffic safety behavior in Minnesota.. .

The Utah Department of Public Safety has initiated a multi-year pilot project with the Center for Health and Safety Culture called “Together for Life” to increase seat belt usage in 7 rural counties in Utah. .

The objective of this project is to explore a new application of existing bicycle detection technology combined with a flashing beacon to alert drivers to the presence of people on bikes on shared roadways.. .

The goal of the project is to facilitate Federal Land Management Agency (FLMA) coordination, specifically between the National Park Service (NPS) and US Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), for collecting, storing, mapping, sharing, and analyzing Wildlife Vehicle Collision (WVC) data, in coordination with surrounding transportation networks and entities.. .

The goal of the project is to facilitate Federal Land Management Agency (FLMA) coordination, specifically between the National Park Service (NPS) and US Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), for collecting, storing, mapping, sharing, and analyzing WVC data, in coordination with surrounding transportation networks and entities.
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The objective of this project is to work with the City of Bozeman, Montana and Montana State University to implement transportation demand management (TDM) strategies.. .

The objective of this project is to work with the City of Bozeman, Montana and Montana State University to implement transportation demand management (TDM) strategies.. .

The objective of this project is to use a load frame for biaxial loading to examine the biaxial response of an array of geosynthetics.. .

The goal of this project is to assess the feasibility of last mile package delivery as a revenue generation tool for rural public transportation systems in Wyoming, which will include exploring the impact of technologies and innovative last mile package delivery systems, and how rural public transportation systems may have a role in the process.. .

The objective of the Summer Transportation Institute (STI) hosted by the Western Transportation Institute at Montana State University (MSU) is to address the nation’s need for a diverse pool of transportation professionals by heightening pre-college student interest in transportation careers.. .

The purpose of this project is to conduct a basic review of car sharing services in the U.S., with a particular emphasis on car sharing services in small urban and rural areas, especially those areas associated with a college or university.. .

This project is aimed at increasing the capacity of traffic safety professionals, prevention leaders and residents in Clackamas County, Oregon to cultivate a positive transportation safety culture to reduce fatalities and serious injuries among those in the Molalla, Oregon region.. .

The proposed project aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the existing turtle fencing and to investigate if turtles use the culverts  along US Hwy 83 adjacent to Valentine National Wildlife Refuge.. .

The objectives of this research project are to identify existing and developing technology for mobile chloride detection that provide real time data, test the feasibility and reliability of the technology, and determine if this technology can be used real time by winter maintenance practitioners in the decision making process.. .

The purpose of this project is to establish a new U.S.-Russia University Partnership Program aimed at enhancing the competencies of future transportation professionals and incumbent workers in ensuring a barrier free environment to mobility for persons with disabilities.. .

The objective of this project is to work with the Idaho Transportation Department to address distracted driving, using the Positive Culture Framework (PCF) to improve health and safety.. .

The objective of this project is to develop a process for the City of Bozeman that will help integrate its travel demand forecasting models and traffic impact study efforts.. .

The goal of this overall project is to develop and evaluate a one-stop shop traveler information platform to assist planning of rural trips. The emphasis of this phase of the project is to refine and expand (data) coverage of the One-Stop Shop..

The purpose of this project was to identify best practices for implementation of a Culvert Asset Management System (CAMS) for the New Mexico Department of Transportation.. .

The purpose of this project is to coordinate meetings and maintain the website for the Western States Rural Transportation Consortium (WSRTC), and to provide support for the Western States Forum.

Visit the forum website http://www.westernstatesforum.org. .

The goal of WeatherShare Phase 4 is to continue to develop the WeatherShare prototype system to match the needs of Caltrans maintenance and operations personnel in terms of combining functionality of WeatherShare, SCAN WebTM and SCAN SentryTM into a single, open system.. .

The purpose of this research is to develop guidance that can be used by land management agencies – in addition to transportation agencies when considering bikeway designations to reduce liability concerns and improve safety for people biking and driving on shared roads.. .

The purpose of this project is to investigate the feasibility of implementing public transportation services in Park County, Wyoming, to serve two or more of the communities in the county.. .

The purpose of this project is to provide evaluation services to Community Access, Inc. in their efforts to implement the Pathways to the Future Program in West Virginia..

The goal of this project is to learn if State DOTs are defining “livability” and incorporating it in their policies, procedures, and projects in a meaningful way.

View more details about this project on the SURLC website at http://surlc.org/2017/03/28/livability-in-state-departments-of-transportation/. .

The objective of this project is to develop a new technology by synergistically using multi-scale modifiers and local low-cost or recycled materials to prepare “green” cementitious binder.. .

The goal of this project was to identify the state of the practice in contracting for snow and ice control operations by state departments of transportation; through the documentation of practices by states, costs, benefits, and lessons learned.. .

The purpose of this project is to establish a new U.S.-Russia Peer-to-Peer Dialogue Program aimed at enhancing the competencies of transportation personnel in ensuring a barrier free environment to mobility for persons with disabilities.. .

The purpose of this project is to design and facilitate two forums (Northern/Southern California) to address potential improvements to Caltrans’ approach to aquatic and wildlife connectivity.. .

The objective of the Traffic Safety Culture Transportation Pooled Fund (TSC TPF) Program is to  conduct research, training, education, and technology transfer related to solving specific culture-based traffic safety problems.. .

The objective of this project is to develop a process for the City of Bozeman that will help integrate its travel demand forecasting models and traffic impact study efforts.. .

The proposed research project seeks to understand if there are some within the Millennial generation who would be interested in accessing USFWS units if alternative transportation (AT) systems were available, and to explore whether another significant visitor group (those aged 55+) would access USFWS units with AT systems if they were available.. .

The objective of this project is to establish a Transportation Scholars program that will provide individuals to conduct site specific work at three United States Fish and Wildlife refuges, complexes or offices.To view more information about the transportation scholars program, please visit our Federal Lands Transportation Website.. .

The objective of this project is to expand resources available through the Federal Lands Transportation Institute website.. .

The objective of this work is to conduct a second phase of a project to provide guidance to manage slopes by developing and implementing an asset management-based unstable slope management program for Federal Land Management Agencies and Tribes that can be adopted by other local state agencies with similar assets and infrastructure assessment needs.. .

The purpose of this project is to evaluate how the size of hydraulic structures used at crossings over waterways relates to the initial investment, operations and maintenance effort, and impacts to fish passage and stream function.. .

The objective of this project was to work with the Montana Department of Transportation (MDT) to estimate how much roadside acreage exists and how much carbon is currently being captured and stored along roadsides managed by MDT.. .

This purpose of this project is to enhance available research on animal detection systems and expand technology transfer of the findings.. .

The objective of this project is to provide characterization testing and corrosion testing for a project to develop an inorganic coating system for corrosion protection and rehabilitation of pipeline.. .

The purpose of this project is to provide performance measure and traffic records support and analysis for a project to assess state-by-state highway safety performance.. .

The objective of this project is to identify ambiguity and discrepancies existent in the federal and state-level rules regarding heavy trucks.. .

The objective of this project is the development of approximately 12-15 two-page case studies regarding pavement markings, to be included in a publication for the American Traffic Safety Services Association (ATSSA) that will serve as an easy-to-read resource and reference tool for local public officials and others who have the responsibility of making roadways safer. .

The objectives of this project are to develop a systemic safety planning tool for screening the road networks for high-risk locations of pedestrian crashes and to suggest countermeasures to improve pedestrian safety in small urban/rural areas.. .

The objective of this project is to develop testing scenarios, simulator testing, and data analysis support for a National Institute of Drug Abuse grant.. .

The objective of this project is to determine if recorded driving events can be used to predict geospatial risk to support safety planning and driver coaching.. .

The objective of this project is to define the operations and Maintenance Plan for the Operations and Travel Integration Sharing (OTIIS) System.. .

The objective of this project is to investigate the constraints and opportunities related to the designs and materials used for crossing structures for reptiles and amphibians.. .

The objective of this project is to provide on-call road ecology technical expertise within U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) lands and National Fish Hatcheries, or on transportation facilities either connecting to or traversing FWS lands and hatcheries..

The objective of this project is to educate and engage science and engineering professionals working in conservation, natural resources, and transportation in order to build support for the development of innovative wildlife crossings.. .

The objective of this project is to provide a range of services to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service that will assist with current and emerging transportation challenges in USFWS units and other federal land agencies..

The objective of this project is to provide an analysis of the number of rural and small communities across the United States that have access to intercity bus service.. .

The purpose of this project is to investigate the feasibility of implementing public transportation services in Park County, Wyoming to serve two or more of the communities in the county.. .

The objective of this project is to promote and facilitate international peer exchange on the topic of traffic safety culture.. .

The objective of this proposed research project is to understand whether Millennials in small urban and rural communities have the same mobility and livability mindset as those in large cities.. .

The objective of this proposed research project is to understand whether Millennials in small urban and rural communities have the same mobility and livability mindset as those in large cities.. .

The objective of this project is to explore specific aspects of traffic safety culture that relate to the decision to drive after consuming cannabis.. .

The objective of this project is to increase understanding of specific traffic safety behaviors that can reduce traffic fatalities and serious injuries.. .

The goal of this project is to provide an assessment of current intercity bus (ICB) services in Wyoming and identify areas of the state with unmet ICB needs.. .

The objective of this project is to provide a summer program to Montana high school students to promote awareness of science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) educational and career opportunities.. .

The objective of this project is to summarize the current and expected wildlife impacts of the transportation system in the Gobi Desert in southern Mongolia, and identify potential mitigation methods.. .

The objective of this proposed research project is to understand whether Millennials in small urban and rural communities have the same mobility and livability mindset as those in large cities.. .

The objective of the proposed project is to develop and characterize non-proprietary ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) mixes to determine whether UHPC is a cost effective, viable option for Montana bridges.. .

The objective of this project is to develop a refined, consistent and standardized return on investment (ROI) methodology and tool for the Minnesota Department of Transportation, to be used for better assessing MnPASS (managed lane) programs and projects.. .

The objective of this project is to update the South Dakota Department of Transportation specifications and construction guidelines related to designing and constructing roads in areas containing subgrade soils with high potential for expansion and/or shrinkage.. .

The objective of this project is to define the operations and Maintenance Plan for the Operations and Travel Integration Sharing (OTIIS) System.. .

The objective of this project is to evaluate the performance of a Doppler Radar-based wildlife detection system for the Idaho Department of Transportation.. .

The objective of the proposed project is to gain knowledge of the state-of-practice in western state departments of transportation regarding the use of micropiles for foundation support and earthen slope repair.. .

The objective of this proposed research project is to understand whether Millennials in small urban and rural communities have the same mobility and livability mindset as those in large cities.. .

The purpose of this research project is to increase knowledge and understanding of factors influencing the design and operation of fish passages to improve landscape connectivity, which has been fragmented by instream physical barriers to fish movement.. .

The purpose of this project is to provide support to the Oregon Health Agency for the development of a communications effort, appropriate for both youth and adults across the social ecology regarding attitudes and perceptions of underage drinking.. .

The goal of this project is to provide comprehensive, clear, and concise training materials (videos, manual, and reference cards) based on best practices for snow removal and ice control on interchange and intersection layouts that are applicable for agencies of any size and in all regions of the U.S. and Canada..

The objective of this project is to review crash, carcass and wildlife connectivity data for U.S. Highway 2 in northern Montana; identify wildlife hotspots, and suggest potential mitigation measures..

The objective of this project is to increase understanding of the relationship between transportation agency culture and the utilization of workforce training and education resources.. .

The objective of this proposed research project is to understand whether Millennials in small urban and rural communities have the same mobility and livability mindset as those in large cities.. .

The purpose of this project is to create a citizen science program to enable data collection of road kill along Highway 3 between the Alberta/BC border and the Kootenay River Valley.. .

The objective of this project is to work in conjunction with U.S. companies to develop and test woolen erosion control blankets (ECBs), wool silt fence and wool as an additive to compost to aid in the control of soil erosion and surface water runoff..

The objective of the proposed project is to develop a standard specification for a new gravel base course with nominal maximum aggregate size of ¾”.. .

The objective of this project is to perform an in-depth assessment of Montana’s RWIS and ultimately produce means to improve and guide future efforts related to this aspect of MDT’s operations.. .

The objective of this project is to assess, plan and design alternative transportation options for safely accessing recreational sites surrounding Bozeman, Montana, including Bridger Canyon, Hyalite Canyon, and many other popular destinations.. .

The purpose of this research is to study wolverine occurrence and habitat connectivity in the Canadian Crown of the Continent (CCoC) using noninvasive methods.. .

The purpose of this project is for the Western Transportation Institute (WTI) to assist the Montana Department of Transportation (MDT) in documenting existing special event management practices in Montana, identifying the best management practices used across the U.S. that are applicable to Montana, and providing MDT and local governments with recommendations for implementing traffic management strategies for special events..

The purpose of this project is to offer training, technical support, and information to transportation practitioners to help them reduce injuries and fatalities on the roads they manage.. .

The objectives of this research are to summarize the state-of-the-practices of light use and configurations and make recommendations on the use of various lighting technologies and mounting techniques on winter maintenance vehicles.

Final project documents and research brief http://clearroads.org/project/use-of-equipment-lighting-during-snowplow-operations/. .

The objectives of this research project are to identify existing and developing technology for mobile chloride detection that can provide real time data, test the feasibility and reliability of the technology, and determine if this technology can be used real time by winter maintenance practitioners in the decision making process.. .

The objective of this project is to understand the effects of human activity on wolverine distribution, connectivity and gene flow in the southern Canadian Rockies.. .

The purpose of this project is to develop a process for an annually updated travel demand forecasting model (TDFM) for the Bozeman area, and integration of the TDFM with traffic impact study (TIS) and traffic impact analysis (TIA) traffic distribution methods.. .

The purpose of this project is to prepare a synthesis that identifies measures to analyze and objectively determine when to convert a paved surface to an unpaved surface, and to identify appropriate unpaved road maintenance and management strategies that will cost-effectively maintain these converted pavements in a good condition.. .

The objective of this project is to accelerate the development and delivery of tools and services to transform traffic safety culture.. .

The objective of this project is to provide training and tools to enhance the capacity of coalitions in Ohio to deliver effective communication efforts based on social norm theories.. .

Wildlife crossing structures have been shown to be one of the most effective means of reducing animal-vehicle collisions on highways, while facilitating essential animal movement across the landscape. Yet the widespread implementation of such structures, especially wildlife overpasses, has been hindered by their perceived and actual expense. For that reason, a facilitated workshop was convened on October 8–9, 2014, in Bozeman, Montana, at Montana State University, with prominent wildlife crossing experts from Canada and the United States to determine whether there are design parameters and construction techniques that could be added, changed, or adjusted to reduce or avoid costs, while maintaining or improving the overall efficacy of wildlife overpasses.

The resulting document compiles the resulting strategies and considerations—ranging from recognition that good design requirements (such as design life, structural loading, and clearance box dimensions) can significantly affect project costs, to acknowledgment that settlement restrictions used for vehicular bridges need not apply to wildlife crossing structures, to recognition that the use of materials such as geosynthetic reinforcing systems and expanded polystyrene blocks for fill can potentially reduce costs

The purpose of this project is to establish a center that will enhance access to education, outreach and training programs in a 10-state western region, with the ultimate goal of growing the transportation workforce.

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The purpose of this project is to investigate whether Heads-Up Display (HUD) technology changes the driver’s ability to process information on the forward road scene and respond to crash imminent situations.. .

The objective of this research is to (1) identify appropriate performance measures for operational and capacity analyses of two-lane highways and develop models to produce these performance measures in an Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) context, and (2) develop or modify a simulation-based analysis method for two-lane highways and offer guidance for when to apply a simulation versus HCM methods.. .

The purpose of this project is to conduct traffic monitoring maintenance and installation work at 6 Parks in the Southwest / Intermountain Region of the National Park Service.. .

The objective of this project is to provide guidance for managing slopes by developing and implementing an asset management-based unstable slope management program (USMP) for Federal Land Management Agencies, tribal agencies, other state and local agencies with similar assets and infrastructure assessment needs.. .

The purpose of this project is to complete a 5-year Transportation Development Plan for North Central Montana Transit (NCMT).. .

The objective of this project is to develop and test a prototype traffic data collection device in a National Park setting.. .

The overall objective of this proposed research is to investigate, and develop as appropriate a prefabricated steel truss/deck system as an alternative to other accelerated bridge construction (ABC) systems available to MDT.
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The purpose of this project is to develop a guidebook related to cycling and pedestrian infrastructure for small towns and rural areas.. .

The objective of this project is to provide technical support for the three research projects that enable best practices in winter roadway snow and ice control operations.. .

The objective of the proposed research is to develop a systemic life-cycle framework to enable comprehensive assessment of environmental sustainability of winter highway operations (e.g., anti-icing, deicing, and sanding/plowing).. .

The objective of this project is to continue designing an organized routes numbering system that facilitates the development of feasible alternatives for the public to access Owyhee County.. .

The objective of this project is to create tools and resources to increase utilization of home visitation services as well as promote positive norms about West Virginia parents.. .

The purpose of project is for the Western Transportation Institute (WTI) to assist the Montana Department of Transportation (MDT) in creating a formalized process for implementing research conducted on their behalf.. .

The objective of this project is to monitor a newly constructed deep patch installation to better understand its long-term behavior and performance. .

The objective of this project is to coordinate meetings and maintain the website for the Western States Rural Transportation Consortium (WSRTC), as well as provide support for the annual Western States Rural Transportation Technology Implementers Forum. .

The goal of this project is to update the curriculum and conduct further training for Rural ITS communications in order to build the professional capacity of rural ITS engineers.

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The purpose of this project is to assist the Montana Department of Transportation (MDT) in creating documents for the Emergency Response Framework.. .

The objectives of this research are to:

Develop a consolidated list of livability metrics that could be incorporated into TDFM,
Conduct initial analysis on the feasibility of incorporating each of these metrics into TDFM for a rural or small urban area,
Fully implement at least one livability metric into a full TDFM, and
Share results through technical transfer activities.
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The purpose of this project is to provide a follow-up study for the City of Bozeman, Montana regarding parking occupancy rates in the downtown district.. .

The purpose of this project is to partner with the Alaska Wellness Coalition to guide and support their prevention initiatives.. .

The objectives of this project are to define traffic safety culture, explain how it impacts behavior, and develop a process to improve traffic safety culture.. .

The purpose of this project is to build on the success of earlier phases of the Rural California/Oregon Advanced Transportation Systems (COATS) project, in order to preserve and expand the COATS region as an innovator in rural ITS demonstration.. .

The purpose of this project was to provide a fellowship for an international researcher to participate in corrosion inhibitor research in the Corrosion and Sustainable Infrastructure Laboratory (CSIL) at WTI, and to collaborate with other corrosion and transportation researchers at Montana State University.. .

The objectives of this project are to develop a measurement and analysis tool to assess the performance of deicers in the field based on friction.. .

The main objective of this project is to refine and implement geosynthetic specifications used by the Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities.

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The objective of this project is to lay the exploratory groundwork to identify, characterize and estimate the relative efficacy of using in-cab video in conjunction with active driver risk management for use in a future, dual armed, observational study.. .

The goal of this project is to assist the Helena (Montana) Transportation Advisory Council to implement tasks identified in the Fiscal Year 2015 Helena Area Coordination Plan and the Transit Inclusive Planning for the Helena Area Report (November 2013).. .

The objective of this project is to support the development and implementation of a Positive Community Norms effort focusing on underage drinking and the misuse of prescription drugs in West Virginia.. .

The objective of this project is to support the development and implementation of a Positive Community Norms effort focusing on underage drinking and the misuse of prescription drugs in West Virginia.

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The objective of this project is to support the development and implementation of a Positive Community Norms effort focusing on underage drinking and the misuse of prescription drugs in West Virginia.

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The objective of this project is to support the development and implementation of a Positive Community Norms effort focusing on underage drinking and the misuse of prescription drugs in West Virginia.

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The objective of this project is to support the development and implementation of a Positive Community Norms effort focusing on underage drinking and the misuse of prescription drugs in West Virginia.

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The objective of this project is to support the development and implementation of a Positive Community Norms effort focusing on underage drinking and the misuse of prescription drugs in West Virginia.

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WTI is developing recommendations for mitigating State Highway 49, about 2.5 miles in length, where it bisects Horicon marsh. The recommendations will encompass mitigation for amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.

The objective of this project is to conduct a study of commercial truck travel on Main Street (US 191) in Bozeman, Montana.. .

The purpose of this program is to provide a comprehensive educational experience to high school students regarding transportation topics and career opportunities.. .

The goal of this project is to develop enhanced road weather layers for the QuickMap travel information interface used by the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans).. .

The purpose of this project is to assist in the development, refinement, support, and presentation, and promotion of the Traffic Safety Culture Pooled Fund Project.. .

The purpose of this project is to provide technical support to the US Fish and Wildlife Service on road ecology issues, including workshops and a white paper on wildlife crossing structures.. .

The objective of this Center is to systematically engineer environmentally sustainable transportation infrastructures in cold climates, considering the entire life cycle of transportation lanning, design, materials selection, construction, maintenance and operations, preservation, and recycling through the collaboration of academia, industry, and other stakeholders.

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The western half of North Dakota has experienced tremendous growth in recent years due to increased oil exploration and drilling. Along with this has come transportation and housing issues that affect everyone involved. The Highway 2 corridor in northwest North Dakota has seen a dramatic increase in traffic volumes while local airports have seen a substantial increase in passenger boardings leading to greater demand for additional flights

The objective of the project is to evaluate wool products that can be used for roadside reclamation projects by the Montana Department of Transportation (MDT) and other transportation agencies.. .

The objectives of this project are to further optimize the anti-icing formulations consisting of raw salt, water, two byproducts of local distilleries/breweries or several commercial additives and to validate their performance in the Alaska field environment.. .

The goal of this project is to determine the typical characteristics of deer–vehicle collisions by analyzing the videos and data collected from equipped vehicles.. .

The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of creating a district around Montana State University in order to measure how travel to and from a university is different from travel to and from other types of development.. .

The objective of this project is to evaluate best practices for the use of Plus Grades of Performance Graded (PG) Asphalt Binders and the effect of these binders on long-term performance.. .

The objectives of this project include to continue long-term research on highway mitigation measures to enhance connectivity for  key species in the Yellowstone to Yukon region and to acquire new data on the effects of Highway 3 on wolverines in southern Alberta, Canada.. .

The objective of this research is to provide the Nevada Department of Transportation (NDOT) with data to select the anti-icing strategy best suitable for the Nevada highway system that balances the safety, infrastructure and environmental goals.

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The objectives of this project are to analyze and compare impacts of the following winter maintenance materials – chlorides, abrasives, acetates, formates, glycerols, and various organic by-products, with a focus on their effectiveness and environmental footprint; and to compile information and best practices for using chlorides in a snow and ice control program.. .

The objectives of this research are to determine and document the effectiveness and impacts of non-chloride liquid agricultural by-products and solid complex chloride/mineral products used in snow and ice control operations, and to investigate the mechanisms by which these products contribute to anti-icing, deicing, and corrosion inhibition.

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The objectives of this research were to assess the costs and benefits of at least three winter maintenance strategies and identify winter maintenance strategies that would be sustainable for departments of transportation from a cost, safety, and mobility standpoint.

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The purpose of this project is to provide the West Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources with technical assistance to support substance abuse prevention efforts.. .

This project will develop best practice guidelines and produce an easy-to-use guide that summarizes in layman’s terms the best practices to prevent corrosion to maintenance equipment.. .

The objective of this project was to identify risk factors and features that contribute to crashes along low volume roads and the cost effectiveness of countermeasures to address them.

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The objective of this project is to prepare a report that identifies states that have legislatively authorized modified weight limits for specialized hauling vehicles, as well as the experiences and impacts in states that have authorized their use.. .

The objective of this research is to conduct a study on the communication of critical, driver-focused information on windblown dust events.. .

The goal of this project is to analyze data and develop plans for the continued growth of the Streamline and Galavan transit systems in Bozeman, Montana.

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The objective of this project was to create a University Transportation Center charged with conducting research and providing leadership, education, workforce development and technology transfer on the transportation aspects of livability, focused on small urban and rural areas.. .

The objective of this project is to compare user experience between both seatbelt-users and non-seatbelt-user drivers when interacting with different interlock technologies.. .

The purpose of this project is to advance efforts to integrate wildlife information and analyses from 16 western states into federal, state, local and tribal transportation planning and projects.. .

The objective of this project is to evaluate the performance of variable speed limit (VSL) and variable advisory speed (VAS) systems in urban (OR 217) and rural (US26/OR35) settings in Oregon and provide guidance for future implementations of similar systems. The research will examine the before and after performance data of the VSL/VAS systems in addressing congestion, travel times, weather information, and crashes based on the specific issues of each corridor..

The objective of this project will be to conduct an analysis of the salt dome facilities utilized by ODOT to store road salt for winter maintenance operations, in order to identify practices and onsite modifications that can improve salt loading and storage at ODOT salt domes and enhance worker safety.. .

The purpose of this project is to identify the areas of highest barn owl road mortality on a segment of Interstate 84; to determine the roadway, geographical and biological factors contributing to mortality; and to explore management/mitigation activities that may reduce such collisions.. .

The objective of this research is to investigate the effectiveness of polyester concrete bridge deck overlays on simulated box girder bridge decks that have experienced various levels of deterioration.. .

The purpose of this project was to document U.S. and Canadian practices regarding the implementation of wildlife fences and associated measures..

The objectives of this research are to obtain a better understanding of what Idaho highway users’ expectations are for the Department’s winter maintenance efforts and to develop new or revised level of service recommendations for consideration by the Idaho Transportation Department (ITD).. .

The objective of this project was to conduct a literature review on chloride-based deicer toxicity to the environment, create guidelines on effective practices and standards, and draft a scope of work for laboratory and field testing.. .

The purpose of this project is to support leadership development efforts at the Idaho Transportation Department, by applying the Positive Community Norms framework of the Center for Health and Safety Culture to grow norms associated with a constructive leadership practices.. .

The objective of this research was to assess public transportation (transit) providers and specialized transportation providers’ cooperation, coordination, and cooperation efforts in Lake, Mineral, and Sanders Counties in Montana.. .

The purpose of this program is to heighten student interest in transportation careers at the pre-college level.. .

The purpose of this project was to develop design recommendations for future road enhancements in key wildlife linkage areas between the Crown of the Continent and the Cabinet-Yaak ecosystems in two counties of northwest Montana.. .

The objective of this project is to conduct a comprehensive review of MDT’s permanent Weigh-In-Motion (WIM) program along with a basic review of the Automatic Traffic Recorder (ATR) data collection program to ensure they are providing the best possible traffic information in the most cost-effective manner to meet current and future data user needs.

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The objective of this project is to assist the Western States Rural Transportation Consortium with specific tasks, including meeting coordination, website maintenance and the Western States Forum.. .

The objective of this project is to provide transportation planning services to units of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Services..

The objective of this project is to develop a Research Performance Measure that helps MDT assess the costs and benefits of rest areas in the state.. .

The purpose of this project was to research, develop, and test a technology solution that provides commercial and private vehicle drivers with a single, integrated source of information to promote safety and mobility for a multi-state corridor.. .

The purpose of this project was to research, develop, and test a technology solution that provides commercial and private vehicle drivers with a single, integrated source of information to promote safety and mobility for a multi-state corridor.. .

The purpose of this project was to quantitatively evaluate the relationships between MDT’s occupant protection program activities and seat restraint usage throughout Montana, in an effort to clarify how MDT’s occupant protection programs may affect seat restraint use.. .

The purpose of this project was to develop recommendations on the best ways to mitigate a new highway for wide-ranging and threatened native ungulates of the southern Gobi desert of Mongolia due to increased traffic and expanding transportation infrastructure caused by the development of a large mining operation.. .

This purpose of this project was to provide a strategy for the potential future implementation of mitigation measures for wildlife along highways.. .

The objectives of this research are to identify the primary chemical and mechanical interactions that occur when deicers are applied to textured or porous pavements before, during and after a winter storm to determine optimal winter maintenance strategies and application rates for treating these types of pavements.. .

The objective of this project is to prepare a comprehensive synthesis to guide MDT in deciding on the best ways to promote and educate stakeholders and the public on roundabouts in Montana.. .

WTI is teaming with researchers at Marshall University and West Virginia University to identify the problematic DVC areas in the state and recommend methods that best serve to mitigate these problem areas.
The overall goal of this project was to evaluate Deer Vehicle Collision (DVC) rates in West Virginia to identify hotspots and review available mitigation techniques. Researchers reviewed police crash reports involving deer and carcass data reported by the West Virginia Department of Transportation from 2008-2012

The objective of this project was to review proposed wildlife mitigation measures for a road reconstruction project on a Montana highway (MT 200).. .

The objective of this research was to assess the efficacy of pervious concrete in areas subject to snow plow operations and abrasive and salt application, in terms of managing quantity and quality of stormwater runoff.. .

The objective of this research was to determine the cost-effectiveness of all the existing Fixed Automated Spray Technology (FAST) Systems operated by the Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT). The project developed a best management and performance practices guide for the future planning, design, construction, operation and maintenance of FAST systems for Colorado’s highway and bridge networks..

The purpose of this study was to review the literature available on current knowledge of the different rumble strip types and applications.. .

The purpose of this project is to implement a traffic safety pilot project in Idaho based on the Positive Community Norms approach.. .

The objective of this research is to provide staff support and technical assistance to Opportunity Link for the development of a regional sustainably community planning in Northcentral Montana.. .

The objective of this project is to develop a publication that can serve as a resource and reference document for local government personnel to consult when considering high friction surface treatments.. .

The objective of this research is to investigate the feasibility of using reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) to replace virgin aggregates in concrete pavements.. .

The objective of this research is to validate the deep patch road repair design technique developed in Phase I by constructing a small-scale field test section and/or performing several scaled model laboratory tests.. .

The objective of this project was to develop a congestion management toolkit for the National Park Service.. .

The objectives of this research were to survey existing approaches to post-fire evaluations based on their relevance to historic covered timber bridges; customize a non-destructive technique for determining the residual capacity of individual, fire-damaged, glued laminated beams; and produce a “how-to” guide comprised of guidelines and techniques for conducting post-fire evaluations.. .

The objective of this project is to assess the barrier effect of highways and other landscape features on American black bears and American Martens in the North Cascades Ecosystem of Washington.. .

The objective of this project is to update the WeatherShare prototype system to match the needs of Caltrans maintenance and operations personnel.. .

The objective of this project is to update the Responder prototype system to match current technology and enable greater use of the system.. .

The objective of this project is to assess the barrier effect of highways and other landscape features on American black bears and American Martens in the North Cascades Ecosystem of Washington.. .

The objective of this project is to update the WeatherShare prototype system to match the needs of Caltrans maintenance and operations personnel.. .

The objective of this project was to conduct a parking occupancy rate study for a specific area of downtown Bozeman, Montana, to provide the City of Bozeman with information regarding occupancy rates.. .

Through this project, Taylor Lonsdale, PE, will serve as the state of Montana’s “Safe Routes to School” Coordinator on behalf of the Montana Department of Transportation. This program aims to encourage active and healthy lifestyles by increasing the number of children in grades K through 8 who walk and bike to school..

The objective of this project is to develop a survey tool for the Minnesota Department of Transportation (MnDOT) to measure the traffic safety culture of Minnesota drivers, which will help MnDOT evaluate the effect of its traffic safety policies and programs.. .

The objective of this project was to conduct transportation-related visitor surveys at recreation areas in the Gallatin National Forest.. .

The objective of this research was to gather and compile data from three established research sites and supplement these data with information gathered at additional highway revegetation or reclamation sites as determined by the ITD reclamation specialist to further evaluate.. .

The purpose of this project was to create a plan for a multi-use transportation network for the Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge, which would encourage visitors to use alternative modes of transportation.. .

The purpose of the Summer Transportation Institute (STI) is to heighten student interest in transportation careers at the pre-college level.. .

The purpose of this project is to prepare a management framework for the Highway and Engineering Divisions of the Montana Department of Transportation.. .

The objective of this project is to revise and update Chapter 8 (Winter Operations and Salt, Sand and Chemical Management) of the NCHRP publication “Environmental Stewardship Practices, Procedures, and Policies for Highway Construction and Maintenance.”. .

This purpose of this study was to developed a detailed truck traffic forecasting model with specific attention to truck movements related to oil development in the Bakken formation in eastern Montana and western North Dakota.. .

The overall objective of this project was to determine the effect of the major highways in the Madison Valley (Montana) on wildlife mortality and movement patterns.. .

The objective of this project was to create a peer-to-peer driver’s safety program for high school students in Montana.

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The goal of this project was to review best management practices for maintaining clear roads at extremely low temperatures and develop cost effective strategies for getting the roadway to a bare/dry condition in extreme temperatures and keeping it at that condition.. .

The objective of this project was to establish and host a ten-week summer research program for undergraduates focused on rural transportation issues.. .

The objective of this project was to prepare a synthesis of available information regarding concrete median barriers, with an emphasis on maintenance and corrosion issues.. .

The objective of this project was to demonstrate the use of advanced technologies to increase information to motorists on the on US 89 and US 212 corridors at key decision points near visitor entrances to Yellowstone National Park.. .

The objective of this research was to develop a plan for coordinating public transportation (transit) and specialized transportation providers in the greater Anaconda area.. .

The objective of this research is to expand upon and improve the winter maintenance cost benefit analysis toolkit developed in Phase I, and expand its functionality.. .

The objective of this project was to support implementation on an ITS system for Rocky Mountain National Park (ROMO) for construction-related purposes.. .

The purpose of this project is to provide the Yellowstone to Yukon Conservation Initiative (Y2Y) with an analysis of existing wildlife crash and carcass removal data for Idaho Boundary County highways (Highway 95, Highway 2, and Highway 1).. .

The main objective of this project is to determine material properties of geosynthetics that affect in-field performance of geosynthetics used for subgrade stabilization, so that DOT personnel can objectively and confidently specify appropriate geosynthetics based on material properties and cost for a specific situation, while also allowing competition from different manufacturers.. .

The objective of this project is to design a biaxial tension testing machine and develop testing protocol to measure Poisson’s ratio of various geosynthetics. .

The goal of this project is to document the range of strategies used by transportation agencies to minimize the environmental impacts of chloride roadway deicers, lessons learned, and knowledge gap and future research.. .

The goal of this project is to investigate the expansion of a prototype information delivery mechanism throughout the western states region consisting of California, Oregon, Washington and Nevada.. .

The objectives of this project were to help develop design guidelines for the Human Factors for Connected Vehicles research program.. .

The objective of this project is to conduct technology transfer and outreach activities to continue and enhance rural ITS deployment in the COATS region.. .

The primary goal of this project is to provide guidance specific to Montana design and construction practices that will result in more efficient prestress concrete bridge structures.. .

The primary goal of this project is to provide guidance specific to Montana design and construction practices that will result in more efficient prestress concrete bridge structures.. .

The objective of this project is to develop a method to determine the carbon sequestration potential of roadsides and roadside revegetation.
WTI estimated the amount of acreage available and the amount of carbon sequestration captured and stored along eight federal land management agencies’ roads.. .

The objective of this project is to investigate the effects of chloride deicers on Oregon DOT and Alaska DOT&PF concrete bridge decks and to identify and evaluate best practices and products to mitigate such effects in the states of Oregon and Alaska.. .

The objective of this project is to summarize past and current work on traffic calming applications and recommend techniques to address safety issues along continuous, rural, 2-lane road sections on Federal Lands.. .

The objective of the proposed research is to identify methods for estimating the benefits – both economic and non-economic – of winter maintenance operations. Once identified, these methods and their corresponding supporting data will be employed to estimate the benefits of winter maintenance operations for different scenarios of winter-storm conditions..

The purpose of this project is to develop a simplified resource and reference document, identified as necessary by the American Traffic Safety Services Association (ATSSA), for local government personnel to consult in identifying safety issues on their network and appropriate safety solutions that can be applied to address them.. .

The objective of this project is to determine if local agricultural products or byproducts of local distilleries/breweries or other manufacturing processes could be cost-effectively used to replace high-cost proprietary products to enhance the performance characteristics of salt brine for anti-icing on Alaska roads.. .

The objective of this project is to investigate the effects of chloride deicers on Oregon DOT and Alaska DOT&PF concrete bridge decks and to identify and evaluate best practices and products to mitigate such effects in the states of Oregon and Alaska.. .

The objective of this project was to develop a prototype corrosion sensing system for Departments of Transportation.. .

The overall objective of this research is to assess the validity of visual search patterns in the virtual world relative to the real world, and then to identify which simulation parameters are critical for achieving that real-world validity in simulator-based hazard perception training.. .

The objective of this project is to investigate the effects of chloride deicers on Oregon DOT and Alaska DOT&PF concrete bridge decks and to identify and evaluate best practices and products to mitigate such effects in the states of Oregon and Alaska.. .

The objective of this project was to better define the concept of traffic safety culture in measurable terms, and to examine the relationship of traffic safety culture with safety outcomes.. .

The objective of this fourth phase of the Roadkill Observation Collection System (ROCS) project will be to implement the PDA based version of ROCS from Phase 3 on a Google Android –based smart-phone.. .

The goal of this project is to develop a Road Dust Institute and create a website for storing and disseminating research.. .

Through this project, Taylor Lonsdale, PE, will serve as the state of Montana’s “Safe Routes to School” Coordinator on behalf of the Montana Department of Transportation. This program aims to encourage active and healthy lifestyles by increasing the number of children in grades K through 8 who walk and bike to school..

The goal of this project is to develop, deliver, and evaluate a training curriculum on plant wired ITS communication technologies for rural ITS engineers and technicians.. .

The main objective of this project is to update Alaska’s geosynthetic design guidelines and construction specifications to provide for the most economical geosynthetic selection while minimizing conflicts and promoting competition.. .

The objectives of this project are to develop and evaluate an advanced, weather-responsive, speed limit adjustment system for the Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT).. .

The objectives of this project are to develop and evaluate an advanced, weather-responsive, speed limit adjustment system for the Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT).. .

The objective of this project is to coordinate meetings and maintain a website for the Western States Rural Transportation Consortium (WSRTC).. .

The objective of this project is to identify, evaluate and synthesize best practices that can be implemented to minimize the effects of deicer corrosion on DOT winter vehicles and equipment, such as design improvements, maintenance practices, and the use of coatings and corrosion inhibitors.. .

The goal of this research project is to evaluate winter chemicals and provide guidance on the most appropriate winter maintenance strategies to apply under specific roadway and climatic conditions within the Idaho Transportation Department districts. The research will evaluate the effectiveness of different winter chemicals on reducing crashes in Idaho..

The goal of this study is to evaluate the practical suitability and the cost effectiveness of a statewide program for recycling and reusing traction sand on Montana roadways.. .

The objective of this initiative is to build on the momentum of the ARC competition and its message: New Methods-New Materials-New Thinking by inspiring transportation and natural resource communities and the next generation of practitioners through a series of activities over the course of twelve months. This initiative intends to acknowledge the virtues of the winning design while celebrating the promising ideas of all finalist designs. It also strives to keep innovation at the forefront of our collective thinking about wildlife crossing structure design.

This study aims to identify and prioritize locations along three proposed Wyoming highway expansion segments that are important for wildlife and make recommendations for mitigation measures aimed at reducing wildlife-vehicle collisions and providing safe crossing opportunities for wildlife.. .

The purpose of this project is to offer an innovative summer educational program in transportation for high school students.. .

The objective of this research is to develop a deployable, prototype corrosion sensing system for existing ODOT reinforced concrete structures.. .

The objective of this research is to conduct a review of the Bridge-in-a-Backpack system – a new construction technology for a corrosion-resistant arch bridge – and other traditional crossing systems that may be used in Montana, to determine where they can be applied with maximum efficacy.. .

This study aims to identify and prioritize locations along three proposed Wyoming highway expansion segments that are important for wildlife and make recommendations for mitigation measures aimed at reducing wildlife-vehicle collisions and providing safe crossing opportunities for wildlife.. .

The goal of this project is to investigate the expansion of a prototype information delivery mechanism throughout the western states region consisting of California, Oregon, Washington and Nevada.. .

The objective of this project is to further develop and test a prototype system for rural airports that to integrates weather data from Automated Weather Observing Systems and Road Weather Information Systems.. .

The goal of this project is to develop, deliver, and evaluate a training curriculum on plant wired ITS communication technologies for rural ITS engineers and technicians.. .

The objective of this project is to conduct technology transfer and outreach activities to continue and enhance rural ITS deployment in the COATS region.. .

The objective of this research is to develop a deployable, prototype corrosion sensing system for existing ODOT reinforced concrete structures.. .

The objective of this project was to identify, evaluate and synthesize best practices that can be implemented to minimize the effects of deicer corrosion on DOT winter
vehicles and equipment, such as design improvements, maintenance practices, and the use of coatings and corrosion inhibitors.. .

The purpose of this project is to help implement and evaluate traveler information technologies on a pilot basis in Rocky Mountain National Park.. .

The  goal of this project is to facilitate preparation and outreach efforts related to the 2011 Western States Forum.. .

The objective of this research is to define what livability means for Montana as it relates to transportation, through a review of existing livability definitions, practices, and initiatives.

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The objective of this research is to construct flumes and swim chambers for testing swimming performances of large and small bodied fish species, as well as construct a spawning channel for physiological assessments. In addition, using the newly constructed facilities, the project will characterize swimming performance of shovelnose sturgeon, rainbow trout and westslope cutthroat and evaluate the effect of temperature on swimming performance..

The objective of this project is to create a national technical assistance center that provides federal land managers with easy and expedient access to technical support, training and information on alternative transportation issues and resources.. .

The objective of this synthesis is to compile available knowledge and useful, cost-effective practices on roadway slope stabilization and erosion control.. .

The objective of this project is to identify mitigation efforts that will help reduce animal-vehicle collisions, particularly for carnivores, and preserve habitat connectivity across the roads and railroads in Mount Robson Provincial Park (MRPP) and Jasper National Park (JNP) in Canada.. .

The objective of this project is to identify, evaluate and synthesize best practices that can be implemented to minimize the effects of deicer corrosion on DOT winter vehicles and equipment, such as design improvements, maintenance practices, and the use of coatings and corrosion inhibitors.. .

The main objective of this project is to establish an organization dedicated to improving road dust management and a website that collects and disseminate information about the issue. .

The goal of this project is to provide the Montana Department of Transportation (MDT) with an assessment of current intercity bus services within the state, and a methodology for determining future needs.. .

The objective of this project is to create a user-friendly website that integrates and displays weather and road condition information for a four-state region.. .

The purpose of this project is to evaluate and improve current FHWA Office of Federal Lands Highway (FLH) and US Forest Service (USFS) deep patch design and construction methods.. .

The objective of this project is to develop metrics for evaluating the most effective way to integrate and deliver multiple information sources from IntelliDrive applications.. .

The objective of this project was to evaluate the  effectiveness of an animal detection system project.. .

The purpose of this project is to provide the city of Bozeman, MT with information regarding available parking inventory, turnover, and occupancy rates, as well as the state of the practice in managing parking resources in downtown areas.. .

The goal of this project is to test and prepare concrete mixtures using fly ash as the binding agent, for use in a pilot project to construct a concrete boat ramp with recycled materials.. .

Through this project, Taylor Lonsdale, PE will serve as the state of Montana’s “Safe Routes to School” Coordinator on behalf of the Montana Department of Transportation. This program aims to encourage active and healthy lifestyles by increasing the number of children in grades K through 8 who walk and bike to school.
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The long-term goal of this project is to develop and evaluate system concepts that can be implemented across the rural road network to reduce speed related crashes. As a first step, the immediate objective if this first phase of research is to deploy a system to reduce speed violations (citations) and the number of speed related incidents at work zones on rural highways..

The objective of this project is to examine the effect of cold temperature on laboratory strength and consolidation properties of soft marine clay.. .

This project is a continuation of the prior phase of the Caltrans Automated Warning System Controller project. The goal is to conduct further research and development of an automated warning system controller that can be easily configured to acquire sensor data from Roadside Weather Information Systems (RWIS), detection loops, Remote Traffic Microwave Sensors (RTMS) and video detection systems, and to prepare the system for deployment in Caltrans..

This project will develop a series of eight white papers that will outline the key issue areas that may be addressed as part of the process for developing a National Strategy on Highway Safety. The key issues have been identified as: 1) Future View of Transportation: Implications for Safety, 2) Safety Culture, 3) Safer Drivers, 4) Safer Vehicles, 5) Safer Vulnerable Users, 6) Safer Infrastructure, 7) Emergency Medical Systems, and 8) Data Systems and Analysis Tools. WTI is responsible for developing the Safety Culture white paper.

The purpose of this project is to attract high school students to participate in an innovative summer educational program in transportation.. .

The objective of this project is to develop a travel demand forecasting model for Gallatin County, Montana, which will support current rural land use planning and analysis efforts.. .

The purpose of this project is to conduct a thorough analysis of test methods and available literature and make recommendations to design a single or suite of laboratory tests that will predict the actual field performance of deicers in a variety of meteorological and pavement conditions.. .

The overall goal of this project is to develop one or more model response systems for Emergency Medical Services (EMS) in rural areas that are regional, coordinated, accountable, and sustainable.. .

The goal of this study is to collect baseline genetic and movement information for flying squirrels, and to assess the extent to which I-90 currently represents a barrier to the movement of individuals and the genetic connectivity of the population.. .

WTI will implement a five year post-construction monitoring plan in conjunction with the Salish Kootenai Confederated Tribes to measure the effects of over 40 wildlife crossings and fencing on the following two parameters: 1) wildlife-vehicle collisions and 2) wildlife movements across US Highway 93.

The objective of this project is to conduct post-construction monitoring of the wildlife mitigation efforts on US 93, and conduct an analysis of their effectiveness. The research centers on the benefits for human safety, habitat connectivity for wildlife, and a cost-benefit analysis.

The objective of this project is to develop and characterize an environmentally friendly concrete suitable for transportation-related applications in which a portion of the conventional aggregate has been replaced with reclaimed asphalt pavement.. .

This project will investigate Montana’s motor fuel tax refund process to evaluate its current governing policies, the potential for errors, omissions, and evasions (EOE), and the possibility of moving from a paper system to an electronic tracking system.. .

The objective of this project is to develop and characterize an environmentally friendly concrete suitable for transportation-related applications in which a portion of the conventional aggregate has been replaced with reclaimed asphalt pavement.. .

This project is a continuation of the prior phase of the Caltrans Automated Warning System Controller project. The goal is to conduct further research and development of an automated warning system controller that can be easily configured to acquire sensor data from Roadside Weather Information Systems (RWIS), detection loops, Remote Traffic Microwave Sensors (RTMS) and video detection systems, and to prepare the system for deployment in Caltrans..

WTI will implement a five year post-construction monitoring plan in conjunction with the Salish Kootenai Confederated Tribes to measure the effects of over 40 wildlife crossings and fencing on the following two parameters: 1) wildlife-vehicle collisions and 2) wildlife movements across US Highway 93. The objective of this project is to conduct post-construction monitoring of the wildlife mitigation efforts on US 93, and conduct an analysis of their effectiveness. The research centers on the benefits for human safety, habitat connectivity for wildlife, and a cost-benefit analysis.

This project will investigate Montana’s motor fuel tax refund process to evaluate its current governing policies, the potential for errors, omissions, and evasions (EOE), and the possibility of moving from a paper system to an electronic tracking system.. .

WTI conducted surveys, interviews, and site visits to determine the extent and nature of burrowing mammal-caused roadbed damage and associated mitigation methodologies.

The objective of Phase I of this study is to characterize the nature and extent of burrowing mammal damage to paved roadways around the state of Montana..

The goal of this project is to test a driver education program on the hazards of distracted and drowsy driving, and to quantify its effects on the behavior of novice teen drivers in rural communities.. .

Through this project, Taylor Lonsdale, PE will serve as the state of Montana’s “Safe Routes to School” Coordinator on behalf of the Montana Department of Transportation. This program aims to encourage active and healthy lifestyles by increasing the number of children in grades K through 8 who walk and bike to school..

The objective of this project is to develop an engineering communication toolkit as a reference guide for industrial engineering students at Montana State University.. .

The objectives of this project are to identify existing work zone Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) applications that are appropriate to Federal land road projects, and to provide guidance to federal land units that are considering or implementing work zone ITS systems.. .

The purpose of this project is to evaluate the current traffic monitoring practices of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and make plans for a series of demonstration projects to test alternative techniques for improving visitor estimation..

This project will analyze the challenges bike sharing programs in some national parks and national wildlife refuges are facing, including liability and risk management, helmet use, business models, operations and maintenance, and funding mechanisms, and offer recommendations for Federal Land Management Agencies (FLMAs) interested in implementing bike sharing programs. The results can help transfer knowledge on this new technology among the FLMAs..

The primary objective of this research is to determine scientifically valid, volitional swimming abilities of westslope cutthroat trout and rainbow trout that reside in the Rockies Ecosystem.. .

The primary objective of this research is to determine scientifically valid, volitional swimming abilities of westslope cutthroat trout and rainbow trout that reside in the Rockies Ecosystem.

WTI is evaluating the swimming performance of wild rainbow and westslope cutthroat trout for assessment and design of fish passage structures for highways and roads. The study involves constructing a large-scale research flume and performing fish swimming trials to determine swimming performance – fundamental biological information that current models and designs do not have..

The objective of this project is to determine which of three deck configurations may offer the best performance by collecting and synthesizing new data from embedded sensors and by conducting visual assessments of the three bridge decks.. .

The objective of this project is to conduct physical testing of MDT’s new steel pipe pile to concrete pile cap connection design method.. .

The purpose of this project was to design and manufacture a removable seed and sediment trap for the undercarriage of a vehicle, allowing for minimal seed damage when seeds are removed for inspection.. .

The purpose of the National Scan is to examine programs and practices employed by different governmental agencies and contractors that result in effective dust control and/or soil stabilization on unpaved roads. The driving force behind this scan is that road dust and/or the additives used in its control pose a myriad of health, safety, economic, regulatory, and environmental challenges..

The objective of this project is to determine which of three deck configurations may offer the best performance by collecting and synthesizing new data from embedded sensors and by conducting visual assessments of the three bridge decks.. .

The objective of this project is to conduct physical testing of MDT’s new steel pipe pile to concrete pile cap connection design method.. .

The objective of this research is to develop Montana-specific rest area usage guidelines with respect to water usage and traffic (vehicle, patrons) in order to supplement, replace and /or confirm current practices for rest area site selection, design and facilities management.. .

The objective of this research is to develop Montana-specific rest area usage guidelines with respect to water usage and traffic (vehicle, patrons) in order to supplement, replace and /or confirm current practices for rest area site selection, design and facilities management.. .

The objective of this research project is to synthesize the latest research on warm mix asphalt paving technologies and provide the Montana Department of Transportation with implementation recommendations. .

The primary objective of this research is to determine scientifically valid, volitional swimming abilities of westslope cutthroat trout and rainbow trout that reside in the Rockies Ecosystem.. .

The objective of this project is to assess the role and capabilities of the rural transportation infrastructure in coastal communities in the Northern Gulf Coastal Region with respect to evacuation and emergency events’ planning, traffic, safety, control, and management.. .

The objective of this project is to explore the potential uses of Camelina meal (Camelina sativa) for roadside applications, incorporated as a soil amendment or spread topically, to enhance native vegetation establishment and growth for highway reclamation projects.. .

The objective of this project is to assess the emergency preparedness of public transportation in rural coastal communities in the Gulf Coast region. The assessment will focus on how adequately prepared, and what role public transportation and school districts can play in the event of an emergency evacuation..

The objective of this project is to investigate the reliability of a microwave radio signal break-the-beam animal detection system at the TRANSCEND facility in Lewistown, Montana.. .

The objectives of this research are to validate chloride diffusion coefficients of mineral admixture concrete mix designs currently developed by departments of transportation (DOTs) for corrosion mitigation, and to verify the adequacy of existing measures to mitigate corrosion caused by exposure to marine environments and deicing salt applications.

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The objective of this project is to develop a series of new design charts for NAUE geosynthetics used in unpaved roads based on mechanistic-empirical design principles.. .

The purpose of this project is to analyze, design, and implement traffic management strategies that will enhance access to the Mendenhall Glacier Visitor Center (MGVC) while improving the visitor experience and safety.. .

The objective of this project is to create a national technical assistance center that provides federal land managers with easy and expedient access to technical support, training and information on alternative transportation issues and resources.. .

The goal of this project is to develop and present a training workshop on transportation and technology partnerships for the Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities.. .

The objective of this project is to develop and test an environmentally friendly concrete using recycled materials including fly ash and recycled pulverized glass. .

The overall goal of this project is to refine driving simulator research methods so that findings correspond more closely to on road behavior, in order to make driving simulators useful for roadway design.. .

The objective of this project is to assist the Center for Native Ecosystems (CNE) with developing a wildlife mortality and habitat connectivity monitoring and evaluation program, and with developing a mitigation plan for the I-70 Corridor in Colorado from Evergreen to Glenwood Springs in portions of the Clear creek, Blue River and Gore Creek Watersheds.. .

The objective of this project is to help the Wisconsin DOT, along with its partner states in the Clear Roads pooled fund program, develop a toolkit to facilitate cost-benefit analysis for winter maintenance managers.. .

The goal of this project is to document how the Alaska Department of Transportation developed and deployed its RWIS system, and to provide recommendations for its future use.. .

The goal of this project is to research and identify appropriate Vehicle Infrastructure Integration (VII) applications for a rural environment, and develop a concept for a demonstration project based on one of the promising applications.. .

The purpose of this project is to better understand and address driver–related factors in rural traffic fatalities by expanding capabilities of WTI’s current research facilities. Through a grant awarded by the M. J

This project will investigate the reliability and effectiveness of an electromagnetic animal detection and driver warning system (ADS-DWS) that was installed along U.S. 160 between Durango and Bayfield, La Plata County, Colorado.

 
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The objective of this was to conduct a comprehensive literature review of the state of the practice pertaining to testing and evaluation of subgrade soils.. .

Develop a model that can be used to address the potential effects of the proposed land-change projects in the Steven’s Pass region on habitat connectivity for select focal wildlife species.. .

The purpose of this project is to expand the knowledge base and further refine the use of various materials and application techniques to increase the performance of compost at lower application rates that promote the establishment of native plants on steep cut slopes along highways.. .

Write a road ecology book focusing on habitat connectivity across highways for terrestrial and aquatic wildlife.. .

The purpose of this project is to improve overall knowledge of paved road impacts on birds throughout the Yellowstone to Yukon Conservation Initiative Society (Y2Y) region and determine appropriate conservation measures necessary for conserving avifauna found across the Y2Y region.

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WTI worked with the US Forest Service, US National Park Service, WSDOT, and others to assess habitat connectivity and the impact of landscape fracture zones on carnivore populations within and between the I-90, US Route 2, and State Highway 20 transportation corridors.. .

The objectives of this project were to determine the most cost-effective method to remove existing zinc anodes from a concrete surface, and to develop a protocol to prepare the concrete surface for the new anode.. .

The objective of this project is to put a variety of real-time information together in a single web-based location in a user-friendly format. This will provide travelers making a trip in or through rural areas access to current travel information on a route-specific basis, customized for a specific origin and destination, enabling drivers to travel more safely and with a minimum of delay..

The objective of the S02 project is to integrate the results of the prior SHRP 2 safety projects and to produce prioritization of research questions and an analysis plan for the data collected from the in-vehicle naturalistic field studies. This project will identify analytical methods necessary to address a set of research questions and delineate the steps involved in obtaining appropriate measures of effectiveness, evaluation factors, and sampling designs of large naturalistic driving data sets..

The objective of this research project is to conduct a second phase of evaluation of Utah Department of Transportation’s (UDOT) Weather Operations/RWIS Program, in order to identify how the program benefits users in the Traffic Operations Center.. .

The objective of this project is to conduct technology transfer and outreach activities to enhance and expand rural ITS deployment in the COATS region.. .

The goal of this project is to provide training and build the professional capacity of rural ITS engineers and technicians by developing and delivering a hands-on rural ITS communications course.. .

The objectives of this project are to determine the most cost-effective method to remove existing zinc anodes from a concrete surface, and to develop a protocol to prepare the concrete surface for the new anode.. .

The objective of this project is to develop a plan for implementing a public transportation (transit) service that would serve Blaine and Hill counties in Montana.. .

The objective of this research is to investigate the long-term effectiveness of Caltrans’ preservation and rehabilitation strategies for concrete bridge decks. Caltrans currently employs high molecular weight methacrylate (HMWM)-based crack sealing and polyester overlay. This research will also explore the value of Portland cement concrete (PCC) and asphalt concrete (AC) overlays on bridge decks, and identify the appropriate treatment time and frequency for these strategies.

The goal of this project is to test a driver education program on the hazards of distracted and drowsy driving, and to quantify its effects on the behavior of novice teen drivers in rural communities.. .

The goal of this project is to assess the ecological response potential of floodplains associated with Mike Horse Dam.. .

The objective of this research is to investigate the long-term effectiveness of Caltrans’ preservation and rehabilitation strategies for concrete bridge decks. Caltrans currently employs high molecular weight methacrylate (HMWM)-based crack sealing and polyester overlay. This research will also explore the value of Portland cement concrete (PCC) and asphalt concrete (AC) overlays on bridge decks, and identify the appropriate treatment time and frequency for these strategies.

To conduct a safety evaluation and an economic benefit analysis of the Gateway Monument Demonstration Project.. .

The purpose of this project is to support implementation and evaluation of a VMS/HAR pilot deployment in Grand Canyon National Park.. .

Study the effectiveness of eleven wildlife underpasses, 29 jump-outs and two wildlife guards (equivalent to cattle guards) in terms of wildlife movements and wildlife/vehicle collisions on U.S. Highway 93 near Ravalli, Montana. In addition, the effectiveness of other, more isolated, wildlife crossing structures and shorter fencing on other locations along U.S

The objective of this project is to assist the Center for Native Ecosystems (CNE) with developing a wildlife mortality and habitat connectivity monitoring and evaluation program, and developing a mitigation plan for the I-70 Corridor in Colorado from Evergreen to Glenwood Springs in portions of the Clear creek, Blue River and Gore Creek Watersheds.. .

This project aims to construct test sections in the field to investigate the relative benefit of various geosynthetics available on the market to an unpaved road.. .

The general goal of the project is to present to Caltrans/other DOT technical staff a number of new, viable alternatives for TMC-TMS communications in a (semi-) realistic, portable demonstration environment using real ITS equipment. The primary outcome of the project is the demonstration, with the system itself and associated documentation as related deliverables..

Provide expertise and support to the California Center for Innovative Transportation (CCIT) on a project looking at deploying portable, remotely controlled, changeable message signs that provide real-time delay information at critical times and locations as part of an integrated advanced traveler information system (ATIS).. .

This research is directed at developing a laboratory-based test method to investigate the nature of the aggregate–asphalt bond using different analyticochemistry analysis approaches. The project proposes to identify the mechanisms that contribute to adhesive failure of asphalt mixes, to understand the contribution of material properties (asphalt and aggregate structure) to the adhesive failure of mixes, to understand the contribution of mixture properties, and to develop a test to evaluate the adhesive failure of mixes..

This project will evaluate the feasibility of (a) gathering baseline data on behavioral crash factors associated with rural ambulance crashes as well as (b) measuring the potential safety benefits of an onboard driving quality feedback systems (QFS) within a rural ambulance fleet.. .

This project aims to construct test sections in the field to investigate the relative benefit of various geosynthetics available on the market to an unpaved road.. .

The objective of this research is to evaluate the cost effectiveness of corrosion inhibitors in deicing chemicals, and their longevity when in storage or on the road. The project also aims to establish a reliable measure to quantify the performance of anti-icing and deicing chemicals..

Develop guidelines for optimal snow and ice removal operations designed specifically for California highway environments.. .

Renewal of a cooperative and contractual arrangement between the Western Transportation Institute and the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) to continue efforts toward improving safety and efficiency of rural transportation facilities, enhance the mobility of rural travelers, and conserve the ecological well being of the environment through which those transportation systems move.. .

The purpose of this project was to conduct a laboratory investigation of the impact of deicers on two key performance components of concrete pavement materials.. .

The purpose of the proposed work is to investigate and recommend strategies that reduce wildlife-vehicle collisions and that maintain or improve habitat connectivity for wildlife. A reduction in wildlife-vehicle collisions directly translates into improved safety for humans and reduced property damage..

This project is the second phase of the study examining the establishment of the WTI Systems Engineering and Integration of Transportation Technology Program (SEITTP). The purpose of this project is to address the decisions reached in the initial feasibility study conducted in Phase 1 and the development and status of the current systems engineering program area at WTI..

The objective of the proposed research is to develop and/or identify a series of standard laboratory testing procedures and ranges that can be used to evaluate the performance of deicing chemicals, additives and mixtures used on roadways and other transportation facilities.. .

To develop and evaluate vehicle-based countermeasures for alcohol impairment. .

The purpose of this project is to explore the status of research and management actions of key ecological issues in Jasper National Park and Mount Robson Provincial Park, and identify information gaps and needs in each park. The research will ultimately provide recommendations for projects that will have long-term ecological benefits..

The objective of this project is to facilitate the use of innovative fly ash based concretes produced with pulverized recycled glass as the aggregate in a variety of applications on a green building project in Missoula, Montana. .

Implement and document a pre-construction wildlife monitoring program for the I-90 Snoqualmie Pass East construction project in Washington.. .

Modification of wildlife reporting system for use by American Wildlands on the Bozeman Pass area of U.S. Interstate Highway 90 between Bozeman, Montana, and Livingston, Montana..

The objective of this project was to conduct a third phase of development of the Roadkill Observation Collection System, specifically to develop software, servers, and protocols that will facilitate transfer, storage and analysis of the data.. .

Develop hands-free electronic data collection and reporting equipment and procedures to replace hand-written methods for Emergency Relief for Federally Owned (ERFO) Roads Damage Site Reports (DSRs), bridge inspections and field surveys.. .

To investigate how changes in truck size & weight regulations can impact regional highways & economic activity. .

The overall objective of this project is to develop and field test strategies and models that small urban and rural communities can use to reduce traffic congestion during special events.. .

Enhance the coordination/consolidation process to improve specialized and public transportation systems in Montana. This will be accomplished by surveying Transportation Advisory Committees (TACs) in the state to determine their needs and creating a set of tools to assist them with their processes, providing training events for stakeholders, and developing a system to manage communication among the agencies involved..

The overall goal of this project is to identify the benefits and costs of integrating AWOS/ASOS meteorological data with RWIS weather data, and to create and test a prototype of an integrated system.. .

The general goal of the project is to determine if a mobile communications briefcase system is viable using an open architecture and Commercial Off-the-Shelf (COTS) equipment.. .

The objective of this project is to provide research and support activities to help California and Oregon achieve the COATS vision of promoting bi-state cooperation and communication that will develop, deploy and coordinate cost-effective and environmentally agreeable intelligent transportation systems.. .

The overall goal of this project is to identify the benefits and costs of integrating AWOS/ASOS meteorological data with RWIS weather data, and to create and test a prototype of an integrated system.. .

Document the demand for intermodal shipping service in Montana, and recommend incentives that could be used to encourage rail companies to create such a service to help Montana agriculture and industry to compete in the world marketplace.. .

Establish specific test protocols to determine parameters pertinent to geosynthetic reinforced pavement design. These testing protocols will be used to establish best practices for conducting cyclic pullout tests such that these protocols can be incorporated into American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) testing standards..

To determine the effects of four-lane highways on desert kit fox and swift fox movements in order to make inferences for the San Joaquin kit foxes.. .

The overall objective of this project is to formalize, test and enhance propagation estimate techniques used to select the optimal placement of communications infrastructure using artificial intelligence.
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The objective of the project is to design and develop an autonomous, in situ, self-sustained water quality monitoring system for safe, reliable, timely, and efficient measurements of water samples near highways to assess impacts of highway construction and operations.. .

WTI will conduct long-term monitoring and research to evaluate the effectiveness of wildlife crossing structures on the TransCanada Highway in Banff National Park. Current highway expansion will increase the number from the existing 24 to over 40 wildlife crossings, including 4 more overpasses..

This project provided a current benefit-cost assessment for weather information on winter maintenance.. .

To assess the current usage of the RWIS network of the Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities, and to identify ways to improve its utility and effectiveness.. .

WTI completed the national study, best practices manual, and training course required by the transportation bill (SAFETEA-LU) on the causes, impacts, as well as solutions to and prevention of wildlife vehicle collisions in the U.S.. .

The overall objective of this project is to enhance or develop a routing protocol for Mobile Ad-hoc Networks and conduct proof-of-concept demonstration of Mobile Ad-hoc Networks, as a method for enhancing wireless communications for law enforcement agencies in remote, rural locations.. .

The objectives of this synthesis are to report how airports chemically treat their airfield pavements to mitigate snow and ice, and what chemicals are used; to review damage reported to aircraft components and airfield infrastructure in association with the use of traditional or modern pavement deicing products (PDPs); and to identify critical knowledge gaps on these subjects.. .

Develop guidelines for optimal snow and ice removal operations designed specifically for California highway environments.. .

Create a supplement to update the Montana Coordinated Transportation Handbook©.. .

WTI will provide support on rural issues related to optimal sensor placement for critical Traffic Management and Traveler Information applications for a study by the California Center for Innovative Transportation (CCIT).. .

This project will provide Michigan Department of Transportation with peer review services for the regional ITS architecture and deployment plan development efforts for the Superior and Grand Regions.. .

Develop an innovative, environmentally friendly and self-repairing coating system for preventing corrosion of galvanized steel.
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Investigate the factors that influence the movement of the endangered fish, Topeka shiner (Notropis topeka), through culverts in South Dakota and the effect of culverts as barriers on the distribution and genetic diversity of Topeka shiners.. .

To establish preliminary investigation of key factors affecting the performance of electrochemical chloride extraction (ECE) and electrical injection of corrosion inhibitors (EICI), and to validate a modeling framework that may guide the blueprint of ECE/EICI.. .

WTI identified the characteristics of road crossings that affect this endangered warm-water fish’s ability to pass.  Passage conditions were evaluated across three large drainage basins in Eastern South Dakota. .

Determine the long term durability of and potential economic benefits associated with using 100 percent fly ash in construction applications.. .

Identify practices and technologies to automate cost recovery in Montana transit systems making transportation business practices more effective and efficient.. .

To increase public safety, reduce wildlife mortality, and reduce economic losses due to property damage from animal-vehicle collisions along a 26-mile section of State Highway 75, between Timmerman Junction (Jct. with Hwy 20) and the Trail Creek Bridge in Ketchum, Idaho..

Identify practices and technologies to automate cost recovery in Montana transit systems making transportation business practices more effective and efficient.. .

This project assess the benefits and costs associated with implementation of MDSS (Maintenance Decision Support System) and provide members of the MDSS pooled fund with a concise and actionable assessment of the benefits and potential costs of MDSS implementation.. .

To aid the Montana Department of Transportation with the decision-making process regarding the choice of mitigation structures that reduce animal-vehicle collisions, and provide habitat connectivity for wildlife, for current and future projects.. .

Conduct a follow-up evaluation of the effects of advanced defensive driving programs on novice drivers.. .

To develop a Public Transportation Business Development Plan for Grand Teton National Park. .

To improve transportation maintenance, operations and safety with cold-regions research through the collaboration of academia, industry and government.. .

To encourage Federal Land Highways (FLH) partner agencies to promote the accommodation of bicycles as a means of reducing traffic congestion, improving air quality, and enhancing the visitors’ experience.. .

To collect users’ feedback on the Transportation Toolkit, conduct limited modifications to the Toolkit package as new technologies become available, and position the Toolkit as a clearinghouse of transportation-related information for Federal Land Managers.. .

To develop a new standard and specification for Caltrans Changeable Message Signs (CMS), incorporating the advances in technology and communications over the last twenty years, while trying to ensure that the benefits of standardization, such as spare parts, training and volume purchase discounts, are achieved.. .

WTI will conduct research to develop an “Automated Safety Warning System Controller” that will interface with roadside sensors and signs. The controller will collect automated data and apply best practice algorithms to analyze sensor data and actuate related warning messages and signals..

Provide a ‘Public Transportation Coordinator’ to assist the Gallatin County Big Sky Transportation District in managing its public transportation system.. .

The purpose of this project was to assist Caltrans by validating chloride diffusion coefficients of mineral admixture concrete mix designs currently specified for corrosion mitigation. Furthermore, WTI will establish an accelerated test method to evaluate the chloride permeability of concrete mix design containing mineral admixtures..

To evaluate and prepare for full corporate deployment of the Responder System, an at-scene incident information collection, sharing, and incident support information framework for remote rural areas.. .

To evaluate and prepare for full corporate deployment of the WeatherShare system – a project to streamline and integrate available road weather data in the Northern California area into a single source easily accessible by incident responders and potentially the traveling public.. .

To conduct a national wildlife-vehicle collision study aimed at reviewing the methods to reduce collisions between motor vehicles and wildlife.. .

Project Objective
The overall goal of this project was to evaluate potassium acetate (KA) and sodium acetate/formate blend deicers (or possibly potassium formate) as alternative anti-icing and deicing compounds relative to NaCl salt-sand mixtures and MgCl2 (baseline deicers) based on various criteria specified by the Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT).. .

To improve and update the data and tables used by Caltrans to identify locations with a high concentration of accidents on wet pavements.. .

To adapt the prototype data collection software designed in Phase I and to conduct a Phase II pilot study of field-rugged PDA/GPS units that will enable transportation agencies, natural resource management agencies, and other interested parties to easily collect spatially accurate animal road kill data.. .

To assist the California Department of Transportation by identifying solutions to communication challenges between TMCs and TMS field devices in rural areas.. .

The objective of this project is to create a site bulletin and distribution plan which will help inform pilots of the voluntary no-fly advisory zone existing at the Devils Tower National Monument.. .

To conduct a follow-up evaluation of the effects of advanced defensive driving programs on novice drivers.. .

To create and test the capability of the WTI Driving Simulator for evaluating drivers’ responses to proposed highway infrastructure improvements and safety deployments.. .

To create and test the capability of the WTI Driving Simulator for evaluating drivers’ responses to proposed highway infrastructure improvements and safety deployments.. .

To research and prepare a report that summarizes factors influencing the past and present population of bull and westslope cutthroat trout in the upper Bow River, details current data and data gaps, and provides recommendations for future actions and research.. .

To develop empirically based guidelines for the analysis and design of piles driven into intermediate geomaterials.. .

To assess the safety benefit of “yield to pedestrian” channelizing devices and provide recommendations regarding their future usage in Pennsylvania.. .

To produce a solid foundation from which to develop and initiate field studies investigating the effects and performance of median barrier designs on the movement and mortality of wildlife.. .

The Western Transportation Institute will take a proof of concept mobile data collection and communication system, developed under contract for the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) and ready it for field test by finalizing software to accommodate hardware updates and to increase usability and durability of the system.. .

To adapt and evaluate the animal detection system currently in place along US 191 in Yellowstone National Park, Montana.. .

To develop the effective transfer of science-based information that will result in a range of applications useful to transportation planning, practice and policy in areas where road networks and landscape conservation concerns collide.. .

To provide research and support activities to help California and Oregon achieve the COATS vision of promoting bi-state cooperation and communication that will develop, deploy and coordinate cost-effective and environmentally agreeable intelligent transportation systems. .

Develop, integrate, cultivate and promote research, outreach and education opportunities for the Road Ecology Program’s growth and development within WTI’s strategic plan.. .

The purpose of this project is to conduct initial development tasks that will create a prioritized, funded research program for the facility, and establish Montana as a national and international leader in cold region rural transportation research. This project provides federal match funding for the development of the Lewistown Airport Cold Region Rural Transportation Research Facility (eventually called TRANSCEND)..

To examine the extent to which animal-vehicle collision data are collected and used across North America; to report on successful examples, illustrated through case studies; and to advise on standards. .

Evaluate the effect of chloride-based deicers on reinforced concrete structures, such as roadways and bridges, operated by the Washington State Department of Transportation; and to determine whether or not reducing deicer corrosiveness helps preserve the transportation infrastructure.

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Synthesize information concerning the effectiveness of static warning signs and alternative feasible measures that are proven to effectively alert drivers to impending hazards.. .

The objective of this research is to identify all vehicle-mounted winter maintenance technologies indicating the state of development. For those technologies in operational use, the synthesis will document the state-of-the-practice, including net value derived from its implementation..

To synthesize the abundance of information related to sustainable transportation, and specifically context sensitive design solutions, applicable to transportation planners at the Montana Department of Transportation (MDT).. .

To examine the Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT) Weather Operations/ Road-Weather Information System (RWIS) and preliminarily assess the effectiveness and benefits of it.

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To synthesize the abundance of information related to sustainable transportation, and specifically context sensitive design solutions, applicable to transportation planners at the Montana Department of Transportation (MDT).. .

To evaluate the effectiveness of animal detection systems in reducing animal-vehicle collisions.. .

To conduct an experimental evaluation of the engineering properties and characteristics of three different types of base course aggregates.. .

To determine how using RouteMatch software has impacted the operations of the MET Specialized Transit system in Billings, Montana.. .

To determine whether the Micro-Deval test can be used to replace the Sulfate Soundness tests to accurately measure the strength of aggregates used in pavement.. .

To better understand basic human factor principles to haptic (touch) and auditory (sound) interfaces as a collision avoidance technique during run-off-road and head-on collisions, as well as how drivers perceive each type of interface.. .

To provide an independent evaluation of the effectiveness of Montana’s “New Entrant Safety Assurance Program” and suggest ways to improve the program.. .

To conduct a summer program for high school participants, particularly Native American students, to increase their interest in pursuing transportation-related degrees and employment.. .

The WTI project team will work with an interagency team to develop a consensus-based, defensible and appropriate ecosystem oriented approach, to integrate mitigation of highway impacts to ecosystems and wildlife populations, benefits, and values in the vicinity of the Highway 93 Corridor in Northwest Montana.. .

Identify existing and emerging technologies that could be used to enhance or replace current pavement maintenance approaches used by the Montana Department of Transportation.. .

WTI has begun a controlled study designed to validate training in advanced vehicle handling for young, teenaged drivers through a specially designed course on situation awareness, visual skills, decision making, and vehicle handling.. .

To use wildlife-vehicle collision data to demonstrate how this information can be used to aid transportation management decision-making and mitigation planning for wildlife and motorist safety.. .

To investigate the corrosion and corrosion inhibition mechanisms at the steel/concrete interface as a result of chloride attack, in the absence and presence of corrosion inhibitors.. .

WTI compiled results of research and monitoring for use in a wide range of applications useful to transportation planning, practice, and policy in areas where road networks and landscape conservation concerns collide.. .

To provide Montana Department of Transportation (MDT) with enough information to help them procure the automatic vehicle location (AVL) technology that is most appropriate for a pilot test on MDT snow plows and that would be consistent with statewide adoption for use on snow plows.. .

The objective of this project is to develop a Wildlife Monitoring Plan for the Snoqualmie Pass on Interstate 90, to guide the design and implementation of pre- and post-construction monitoring of ecological connectivity for wildlife.. .

To evaluate Alaska’s 511 traveler information system by performance measure analysis and customer surveys.. .

To explore the effectiveness of using a gyratory compactor to provide an accurate prediction of optimum in-place soil densities.. .

To develop Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) plans for rural state highways and urban arterial state highways and incorporate these into an updated version of the Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) Region 1 ITS Implementation and Operations Plan.. .

To refine and improve the way that data from Montana’s State Truck Activities Reporting System (STARS) is processed to make it a more effective tool for planning weight enforcement activities by the Montana Department of Transportation (MDT).. .

To develop recommendations that will facilitate integration of MDT’s traveler information databases into a single system, and to identify other potential upgrades and improvements.. .

Develop and demonstrate reinforced native grass sod for control of stormwater runoff and sediment loss from land disturbances associated with the California highway system.. .

To produce science-based information for designing culverts for San Joaquin kit foxes and measures of their ecological performance.. .

To prepare a Concept of Operations Report to enhance the statewide operations of the Montana Department of Transportation (MDT).. .

To assist Glacier National Park facilitate outreach for the Going-to-the-Sun Road Rehabilitation mitigation effort, including visitor-use improvements, transit, and Intelligent Transportation Systems.. .

To automate the data collection of traveler information for Yellowstone National Park (YNP) and to make this information available to visitors via the Montana 511 system so that they can access up-to-date travel information.. .

Planning and preparation for a longitudinal study to determine the effect of training for defensive vehicle handling on novice driver safety.. .

Develop and implement a professional development short-course to teach guidelines for planning and designing functional wildlife fencing and crossing structures.. .

To demonstrate the use of advanced technologies and coordination of transportation providers to improve mobility, relieve congestion on roads and in parking facilities, and monitor weather-related road conditions on U.S. 89 between Livingston, Montana and the north entrance to Yellowstone Park in Gardiner, Montana..

The purpose of this project was to develop a large volume of reference material, a detailed research document and brochure on the advantages and disadvantages of the use of anti-icing and pre-wetting for winter maintenance in the Pacific Northwest.. .

To provide support for the development of new routes and a schedule for the Snow Express transportation system in Big Sky, Montana, and assist with the development of a Transportation Development Plan (TDP).. .

To provide increased accuracy in parking and trip generation data utilized for review of development and urban planning and provide increased and publicly available knowledge in the area of urban development. The creation of a method, which can be used by local regulatory agencies to adjust projected parking and vehicle trip demand generation, based upon patterns of land use development..

This project developed an Emergency Operations and Disaster Plan for MDT.. .

The objective is to produce an implementation plan for wildlife mitigation measures along highway 83 in the Seeley-Swan Valley, Montana. The plan is to address animal-vehicle collisions, especially with white-tailed deer, and should maintain or improve habitat connectivity for selected species..

The objective of this project is to establish the feasibility of using geosynthetic strain measurements from reinforced pavement test sections to establish relationships between a permanent to resilient strain ratio and a normalized traffic pass level. This information is needed as input to a design method for reinforced pavements previously established in a project for FHWA..

To evaluate the effectiveness of Intelligent Transportation Systems, combined with a public information campaign, to increase awareness of the high risk of animal-vehicle colisions on the Bozeman Pass and reduce the number incidents.. .

Record 24-hour traffic counts in urban locations using mobile video-based traffic detection systems.. .

The evaluation will determine the percentage of Montanans know about the Transportation Awareness Program. This evaluation will also determine the perceived benefits of the program and what improvements could be made..

WTI analyzed various data sets to identify wildlife-transportation conflict areas in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem and outlined strategies to incorporate transportation mitigation for reducing AVCs, improving habitat connectivity, and increasing driver safety while protecting long-term ecological integrity.. .

The purpose of this project is to provide support for the development of a coordinated transportation system in and around the area of the Fort Peck Native American Reservation in northeastern Montana.. .

To develop a Concept of Operations for a rural transit trip planning tool; to conduct a review of available applications for this tool.. .

To evaluate different types of animal detection systems with regard to system reliability, and operation and maintenance aspects.. .

The objective of this study is to determine the feasibility of creating a National Center for Integration and Systems Engineering of Transportation Technology (NCISETT). This center will be dedicated to developing and promoting a systems engineering approach to the integration and deployment and evaluation of complex transportation technologies..

To develop a simple, non-invasive, cost-effective method to identify and quantify animals using wildlife crossing structures.. .

This research project has three primary objectives:
• To collect empirical data addressing driver distraction while using two common mobile phone interfaces in rural and urban traffic,
• To collect empirical data addressing the usability of the 511 information system while being accessed by mobile telephone from a moving vehicle,
• To provide an initial shakedown study for the WTI driving simulation laboratory and an early research success on what will be a high-visibility topic.. .

To develop a tool that enables employees from transportation agencies, natural resource management agencies and other interested parties to collect standardized animal road kill data with a system that is spatially accurate, easy to use, and that has a data format that is easy to integrate and analyze.. .

To incorporate the Department of Transportation and the use of their intelligent transportation system (ITS) devices into Montana’s AMBER Alert Plan.. .

The overall objective of this project is to develop the Highway Infrastructure Design and Maintenance program area at the Western Transportation Institute.. .

To provide the Montana Department of Transportation (MDT) and the State Legislature with better information to help them make policy decisions regarding future biodiesel usage in the state.. .

To create a request for proposals (RFP) that will allow MET Transit to acquire the appropriate technologies to increase the efficiency of their paratransit/specialized transit system (MST).. .

To establish the research capabilities at the Western Transportation Institute (WTI) with regard to transportation-related corrosion issues, such as the corrosive effect of deicers to vehicles, pavements, and rebars in concrete structures. The same research facilities/equipment can also be used to evaluate various corrosion protection/rehabilitation techniques, such as corrosion inhibitors, protective coatings, surface treatment, and cathodic protection..

To assist the County in developing a capital program in response to existing transportation infrastructure needs and to plan for forecasted needs. This financial plan will also evaluate various options to generate funds required to implement the recommendations..

To provide transportation professionals with the best available information and current technologies on wildlife crossing systems for transportation projects.. .

The purpose of this project is for WTI to provide support for the development of new routes and a schedule for the Snow Express system in Big Sky, which is funded by resort tax dollars and managed by the District.. .

To provide the Montana Department of Transportation (MDT) and the State Legislature with better information to help them make policy decisions regarding future biodiesel usage in the state. The purpose of the literature review was to examine the body of literature that currently exists regarding laboratory and field experience with the use of biodiesel fuels, with an emphasis on oil seed-based biodiesel..

To develop an interactive CD-based decision support system software “toolkit” which will assist managers of Federal lands in identifying potential transportation solutions for the lands for which they have responsibility.

This project will result in tools that will help Federal land managers to identify solutions – both traditional and ITS – that will help address transportation challenges, and ultimately improve the visitor experience and resource management.. .

Develop and implement an at-scene data collection system for Caltrans District 2.. .

To provide a one-year Beta test of the demand responsive client management software that was developed for GALAVAN.. .

The purpose of this project was to develop a comprehensive document for the management of winter road traction materials on Montana highways so that the impacts on the adjacent aquatic resources from such materials will be minimized.. .

The objective of this project is to streamline currently available weather data from Caltrans Roadway Weather Information Systems (RWIS) sites, National Weather Service sites, the U.S. Forest Service, and other sources available in the Redding area into one accessible source in a manner that is easily accessible by incident responders and potentially the traveling public..

To explore applicable ITS solutions for rural highway work zones and to develop a prototype system for real-time delay estimation and information dissemination for a two-lane highway work zone with a lane closure where a pilot car manages traffic… .

To effectively and efficiently deliver a timely program of high quality training in the area of Intelligent Transportation Systems and Traffic Operations.. .

The goals of this study are to address the question of whether or not fences and cattle guards are effective at a) reducing the number of animal-vehicle collisions, and b) re-directing animal movement patterns through existing highway ‘crossing’ structures (e.g., road and railroad bridges and culverts). The proposed study will continue to document the location of animal-vehicle collisions, locations of highway crossings by animals both over the highway and through existing ‘crossing’ structures, and locations of attempted crossings..

The purpose of the project is to provide support for the development of a Request For Proposal (RFP) for transportation services (buses and their operation) for the District, in addition to a survey of clients who utilize the services of the District.. .

To identify technologies that could improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the Billings MET Transit paratransit system.. .

To identify technologies that could improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the Billings MET Transit paratransit system.. .

Continue to identify, develop and evaluate information and visual and auditory display technologies that will enhance the visitor experience, especially for visitors that are using alternative transportation modes. Coordinate findings with National Park Service alternative vehicle staff..

WTI is hiring Dr. Tony Clevenger, wildlife ecologist and research scientist leading the evaluation of wildlife mitigation in Banff National Park. The goal of hiring Dr

To conduct a pilot project that facilitates coordinated transportation planning in Montana.. .

The Western Transportation Institute’s Transportation Research, Applications and Instrumentation Laboratory (TRAIL) will demonstrate and evaluate various data acquisition, control systems, information delivery, and management systems in a small urban and rural environment. Systems will be deployed that relate to weather and winter mobility, highway infrastructure design and maintenance, wildlife and ecology, commercial vehicle operations, emergency medical services and public transportation. TRAIL will be developed and deployed in multiple phases with Phases 1 and 2 being deployed locally at Montana State University-Bozeman

Evaluate the acceptability, functionality, usability, and effectiveness of prototype interactive information kiosks deployed to provide tourism information for the Lewis and Clark Trail Bicentennial celebration in Montana.. .

The primary objectives of this research are to evaluate heave and thaw-weakening aspects of soils subjected to freezing conditions, and to develop improved correlations for estimating compressibility moduli of subgrade soils typical to Montana and the inter-mountain west.. .

The objective of this project is to study the effect of adverse weather conditions and grade on traffic volume and speed and highway capacity. The work will include collecting data, analyzing data, developing a methodology for predicting road capacities and speeds during adverse weather, and comparing these findings to other studies..

This project relates to design, requirements development, usage, documentation, maintenance and storage of videosurveillance trailers that are used by WTI for variousevaluation and research activities.. .

The purpose of this study is to research and develop a weather severity index that would be appropriate for roadways. The objectives of the index are to correlate with winter maintenance costs, correlate with the relative hazards of weather-related driving conditions experienced by motorists, use data that is already available, and be easy-to-use and interpret..

This evaluation will assess the safety, traveler satisfaction and other benefits associated with automated wind warning systems installed in the COATS region, and contrast the relative merits of each system type.. .

This evaluation effort will compare the operating characteristics of various detection technologies in a ruralenvironment, assess their effectiveness, and providerecommendations for deployment in rural environments.. .

The goal of this project is to develop a mutual opportunity with the Montana Department of Transportation (MDT) to improve maintenance operations; and address WTI’s mission by expanding the state of the practice. The project will focus on advanced technology and maintenance with a final proposal aimed at jointly improving the maintenance process..

The objective of this project is to develop and test prototype models of paratransit systems that can be used to evaluate routing, scheduling and dispatch alternatives. The models will be demand-driven and will be developed using historical data available from Galavan. Testing and validation with other data sets will also be done, time permitting.

This application has four objectives to carry out, of which include:• creating a comprehensive 511 Deployment Plan for the entire state of Montana• improving the 511 software and hardware that is being implemented by the GYRTWIS contract• increasing the number of phone lines that access 511 Statewide, and• market 511 throughout Montana.. .

The objective is the statewide assessment of current roadway conditions associated with each field maintenance activity and to formulate a sampling plan for future monitoring statewide.. .

To develop an Implementation Plan of existing, new and upgraded ITS projects which, when implemented, will promote enhanced tourism and greater economic activity within rural areas the CANAMEX Corridor. .

To determine whether it is cost-effective to use TP pavement markings in urban areas within the state of Montana. Specifically, this investigation will provide:· detailed descriptions of TP and other alternative pavement marking materials· cost/benefit analyses for each pavement marking alternativeThis information will indicate to both MDT and Montana contractors whether or not the use of TP in Montana urban areas is cost-effective..

This evaluation project documents case studies of innovative solution for addressing the communications and power needs of ITS field devices to be deployed in the rural environment.. .

The State of the Practice will document innovative transportation-related emergency medical service technology and communications applications, activities or projects employed by state emergency medical services agencies.. .

Phase I of this long-term project involves finalizing the research methodologies and collecting the baseline pre-construction data that will be needed to determine what effect US 93’s reconstruction installation of 42 wildlife crossing structures and fencing in 56 miles of highway have on the frequency of animal-vehicle collisions and successful animal crossings, and to ultimately identify best management practices for future wildlife crossing structure and fencing deployments.. .

The objective of this project is to investigate the performance of three different types of concrete bridge decks, namely: a conventionally reinforced deck made with standard concrete, designed and constructed following standard practices of MDT’s Bridge Bureau; a deck with reduced reinforcement made with normal concrete, designed following the empirical design approach presented in the AASHTO LRFD Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges and constructed following standard MDT practice; and a conventionally reinforced deck made with high performance concrete (HPC) developed following FHWA guidelines.. .

To investigate the performance of three different types of bridge decks, a conventional design, on empirical design using the LRFD and a high performance concrete design; using embedded instrumentation.. .

The objective of this evaluation will be to determine if the icy curve warning system to be deployed by the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) near Fredonyer Summit on State Route 36 is effective in improving traveler safety. Specifically, the evaluation intends to answer the following questions:§ Are motorists responding to the information presented to them?§ Does the system function as promised from a technological standpoint – e.g. continuous monitoring of conditions, automatic warning of motorists, communication of RWIS data to maintenance staff?§ Does the RWIS provide information to maintenance personnel that helps them to prepare and maintain the road with greater efficiency?

The objectives of this contract are to develop both the course and its materials to meet adult learning standards, pilot test the curriculum material to be used in conjunction with NHI Course 137007 – Rural Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) Toolbox, and deliver the new course, thus enabling participants to identify the benefits of particular “tools” in engaging relevant stakeholders in the deployment of rural ITS.. .

To develop a comprehensive service improvement plan for Galavan, a local transportation provider for senior citizens and persons with disabilities.. .

The overall goal of this investigation is to document the state-of-the-practice related to the identification, valuation and recovery of costs associated with temporary facility use losses.. .

A user-centered design process will be used to document requirements, develop low fidelity prototypes, and perform initial formative evaluation of an interactive Visit Enhancement System that could be used by visitors touring on alternative transportation modes in Yellowstone National Park.. .

The National Park System is making a significant effort to encourage visitors to leave their personal automobiles and tour using alternative modes of transportation. The purpose of this project is to define visitors objectives and expectations for vacation trips to support design of the next generation of NPS alternative transportation vehicles..

To determine the impact of personal digital assistants on EMS response to, and treatment of, injured motor vehicle crash victims.. .

To improve accident reporting through the application of advanced technology to increase the accuracy and completeness of accident reporting and to reduce the time necessary.. .

The purpose of this evaluation is to develop case studies of the maintenance of ITS demonstration and deployment in the COATS study area. The objective of these case studies is to provide lessons learned to guide future deployment of ITS in the COATS area specifically, and in rural environments in general..

Develop a comprehensive handbook that provides a step-by-step process allowing for social service agencies and local transportation providers to effectively coordinate their transportation services.. .

The purpose of this project was to extend the knowledge that has been gained in the winter highway forecasting of pavement temperatures modeling and draw upon the well established snow and ice competency which has historically been a strength at MSU.

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The project will develop mechanistic-empirical design methods compatible with the 2002 Pavement Design Guide for flexible pavements structurally reinforced with geosynthetics and steel meshes.. .

This evaluation will compare oversize vehicle detection systems, assess their effectiveness, and provide recommendations for an integrated detection and traveler information system to improve safety in the Narrows Corridor of northern California.. .

A bi-state partnership to improve rural transportation through the demonstration and evaluation of advanced technologies.. .

To investigate the pullout behavior of several geosynthetic materials embedded in soils to provide interaction properties for a finite element model. The finite element modeling, which is not part of this project, is based on a large-scale simulation of a geosynthetic reinforced pavement structure..

This project identifies transportation needs and potential ITS market packages for national parks in California, using stakeholder outreach and visitor surveys at two case study locations: Golden Gate National Recreation Area and Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks.. .

This project will develop a blueprint for building a prototype rural Vehicle-Highway Cooperative System in northern California.. .

Investigate automated highway system applications in a rural setting and determine evolutionary deployment path.. .

This plan will document processes to measure the benefits and performance of the Oregon Department of Transportation’sITS infrastructure, and will conduct evaluations for selectedITS elements.. .

Caltrans Roadway Weather Information Systems (RWIS) devices are installed at critical areas throughout the state where atmospheric and pavement data could be used for maintenance and transportation management. An assessment of their use and research of their effectiveness is needed to improve the use of existing devices and research the communications systems that prohibit open data transfer between the devices..

National Parks operate under a two-fold mission of preserving their historic, cultural, and natural resources as well as promoting the enjoyment of these resources by the American public. The National Park Service (NPS) has evidently succeeded in the latter part of this mission, as overall visitation to National Parks increased 54 percent from 1979 to 1999. However, this success, if not addressed appropriately, may threaten these unique resources, ultimately taking away the attraction that draws visitors

The intent of this overall investigation is to identify and document transportation-related activities to the planning and management of special events.. .

This project will result in tools that will help Federal land managers to identify solutions – both traditional and ITS – that will help address transportation challenges, and ultimately improve the visitor experience and resource management.. .

The objective of ARTEMIS is to develop a database that allows other universities, transportation professionals, and interested individuals access to a complete reference source focused on animal-vehicle collisions and mitigation options.. .

The objective is to determine the type and Magnitude of Challenges faced while clearing rural roadways of snow and ice during winter.. .

The main goal of this project is to increase the understanding of Montana’s aviation infrastructure, management and preservation, by a spatially diverse workforce in rural and remote areas of the state. The course uses distance education technology to deliver the course and will develop a methodology for providing continuing education units or professional development hours..

Deploy and evaluate effectiveness of automated animal detection and warning.. .

The project evaluated the effectiveness of the #SAFE system, a cellular based Advanced Transportation Weather Information System (ATWIS) technology.. .

To provide improved testing procedures for determining geosynthetic material properties and geosynthetic/soil interaction.. .

The objective of this project is to improve the efficiency and effectiveness, existing pavement performance, and planning and design activities by the widespread implementation and use of weigh-in-motion equipment – permanent and portable.. .

To evaluate strategic ITS deployments throughout the Siskiyou Pass region including Highway Advisory Radio, Changeable Message Signs, Kiosks, Closed-Circuit Television Cameras and a Regional Incident Management Plan.. .

Identify and research effective feasible technological approaches to manage YNP growing congestion challenges and stainable transportation needs.. .

To characterize commercial vehicle safety on the basis of carrier, vehicle, driver, cargo and other characteristics using statistical modeling methods. Results will allow better targeting of unsafe vehicles..

Develop and distribute management tools to assist in prioritizing rural culvert crossing repair or replacement. Incorporate emerging technologies, state of the art computational tools and contemporary design guidelines..

The objective of this project was to improve winter road maintenance decision making in Montana, recommend improvements in the use of current equipment, identify training requirements, and develop a concept for a new decision support tool.. .

To field test and evaluate intrusion detection technologies and locked gate technology as a solution for protecting low volume grade crossings on the higher speed rail corridor between Eugene, Oregon and Vancouver, British Columbia. .

To optimize motorist safety and incident management on Interstate 90 between Livingston and Bozeman, Montana.. .

To develop a presentation for the Federal Highway Administration that will address national transportation challenges, provide an understanding of common interests, and create an opportunity for partnership development.. .

To evaluate the accuracy, operations and maintenance requirements and relative costs of a new low cost weigh-in-motion system that is less sensitive to the infrastructure in which it is placed. Results if successful, will lead to widespread implementation in rural areas where lower truck traffic volumes.

Build on Phase One efforts by deploying additional early winner projects and continue coordinating project efforts.. .

The object of this project is to develop a long-range maintenance plan for ODOT’s existing Intelligent Transportation Systems Strategic Plan: 1997-2017, which identified statewide ITS deployment technologies and practices over the next twenty years.. .

To investigate the applicability of Computed Tomography (CT) technology in the study of highway icing.. .

This project will ascertain Tribal Transportation needs on reservations in the western region of the United States. Surveys were conducted and analyzed to document Tribal transportation needs. This project will also explore possible Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) that could improve Tribal Transportation..

To provide contract support to FHWA to further develop the Rural Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) program.. .

The objective of this project was to develop a numerical model (finite element model) of a geosynthetic reinforced flexible pavement where the geosynthetic is located in the base aggregate.. .

To prove successful transfer or application of advanced ITS technologies in rural two-lane highway environments through small-scale deployment and evaluation.. .

To provide a design methodology for use by pavement engineers for the design of flexible pavements using suitable geosynthetics as a reinforcement member contained in the base course layer.. .

The Montana Department of Transportation, Planning Division is undertaking a three-phase effort to determine (1) current rest area conditions and services, (2) the needs and expectations of rest area users, and (3) appropriate planning guidelines to better direct rest area improvements and resources.. .

The overall goal of this effort was twofold: (1) to obtain information related to the needs and expectations of rest area users in Montana that may later be directly incorporated into rest area planning efforts, and (2) to support the MDT, Planning Division mission “to provide ways for interested citizens and stakeholders to obtain information and provide input into transportation planning and decision-making.. .

To evaluate five different dynamic curve warning systems that were installed for advance notification to motorists of alignment changes and speed advisories in the Sacramento River Canyon.. .

The purpose is to institute a California-Oregon bi-state, multi-jurisdictional planning, research, and development effort. As well as to adopt strategies leading to the use of ITS to enhance safety; improve the movement of people, goods, services, and information; and promote economic vitality..

Develop a regional rural ITS demonstration corridor by establishing institutional coordination, developing a deployment plan, and deploying an early winner project.. .

The California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) initiated the Automated Snowplow Program (ASP) to improve the efficiency and safety of snow removal operations. The program’s objective was to apply technologies previously developed under Advanced Vehicle Control and Safety Systems (AVCSS) and Automated Highway Systems (AHS) research to provide assistance to snowplow operators.  The role of the Western Transportation Institute was to assist in demonstration site selection, assist in the development of system requirements, provide methodologies for evaluation of efficiency and safety and technology performance, and collect and analyze data based upon an evaluation plan..

Examine multi-state electronic pre-clearance systems in use or planned for use in the western U.S.. .

The goal of this project is to enhance the quality of life for rural residents and travelers through more safe and efficient movements of goods and people using judicious applications of advanced vehicle control technologies. An evolutionary deployment process will be followed, which allows transportation system users and providers to gradually realize the tangible benefits of deploying advanced vehicle control technologies..

The objective of this research study is to determine the most economical and effective materials and methods for sealing cracks in flexible pavements in the state of Montana. This investigation involves the placement of experimental test sections as part of larger crack sealing projects, followed by visual monitoring. Several sealant materials and several sealing techniques have been included in this investigation.

To determine if stripped asphalt concrete possesses sufficient strength so as to allow its inclusion as a structural layer in a rehabilitated pavement.. .

To investigate the need for rural transportation technology and determine the applicability of advanced transportation technologies currently under development in rural problems and settings.. .

WTI is leading a diverse partnership that encourages the best and most innovative interdisciplinary designs for wildlife crossing structures throughout North America and beyond. In 2014, two workshops and a policy paper will focus on new directions that encourage wildlife crossing deployment, including a review the design parameters for crossings that may be adjusted to reduce costs without decreasing their effectiveness. Online at: www.arc-solutions.org

Working with the Sonoran Institute and the Center for Large Landscape Conservation, WTI is seeking to demonstrate to transportation and natural resource planners locations where exurban growth and increases in traffic demand and transportation infrastructure in the next 20 years have the greatest potential to impinge upon wildlife habitat connectivity for forest carnivores in two counties of northwest Montana. .

WTI is providing support to the US Fish and Wildlife Service as they develop mitigation along three roads where known ocelot mortality is problematic for the threatened species. .

WTI, in a partnership with Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks, is monitoring a newly constructed irrigation diversion on the Shields River in Montana. The structure was designed to improve water withdrawal and to act as an upstream fish barrier to protect native Yellowstone cutthroat trout from non-native trout species. An important product from this research will be an evaluation of existing hydraulic models used to design diversion structures and fish barriers, and the development of a preferred modeling approach for future diversion and fish barrier design

WTI will characterize the swimming abilities of warm-water sauger, longnose dace and fathead minnow under various flow and temperature regimes.  The project results will be used to identify populations and habitats most at risk to climate change impacts and land-use stressors.. .

Working with the MT Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks, MDT, Idaho Fish and Game Department, Idaho Transportation Department and the Center for Large Landscape Conservation, this project aims to provide large landscape practitioners of the U.S. Northern Rockies with a decision support tool for prioritizing conservation action to mitigate road impacts on regional wildlife corridors identified by the state wildlife agencies in the U.S. Northern Rockies

WTI will evaluate US Highway 89/191/26 between Jackson and Gros Ventre Junction for potential wildlife mitigation sites and measures. The transportation corridor consists of a highway and a paved trail for bicyclists and pedestrians. The road borders the refuge for 5.7 miles and an impermeable wildlife fence is situated between the transportation corridor and the refuge along this section.

WTI and the Miistakis Institute evaluated the best locations and most effective types of mitigation to protect wildlife connectivity and reduce wildlife-vehicle collisions on 50 km of highway between Calgary, AB and Banff National Park entrance.. .

This project will build on the momentum created by the Building Active Communities Initiative Program by extending WTI’s technical support efforts. The technical support will include engineering best practices for bicycle and pedestrian safety, grant writing, bicycle safety education, walk audit training, and implementation of short term “pop up” demonstration projects that can build community support for permanent street design changes.  SURTCOM will also build a repository for success stories from BACI communities..